What characteristics are typical in a child diagnosed with Down syndrome? (Select all that apply)

Protruding tongue.

Outward slant to eyes.

Wide-spaced front teeth.

Curved, small fingers.

Simian creases.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D,E

Choice A rationale

A protruding tongue is a common characteristic in children diagnosed with Down syndrome. This is due to hypotonia (low muscle tone) and a relatively small oral cavity.

Choice B rationale

An outward slant to the eyes, also known as upslanting palpebral fissures, is a common characteristic in children with Down syndrome.

Choice C rationale

Wide-spaced front teeth are not typically associated with Down syndrome. Dental anomalies in Down syndrome often include delayed eruption of teeth and missing or extra teeth.

Choice D rationale

Curved, small fingers are a common characteristic in children with Down syndrome. This is part of the typical hand morphology that may also include a single palmar crease.

Choice E rationale

Simian creases, also known as single palmar creases, are common in children with Down syndrome. This is a single crease that runs across the palm of the hand, instead of the usual three creases.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

While facial paralysis is a serious condition, it is not typically associated with a cleft palate.

Choice B rationale

Ear infections are a common complication of a cleft palate, but they are not typically a sign of an immediate, serious problem.

Choice C rationale

Increased intracranial pressure is not a common complication of a cleft palate, but it is a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention.

Choice D rationale

Drooling is common in children with a cleft palate and is not typically a sign of a serious problem.

A. Apply suction continuously while inserting the suction catheter. B. Use a large diameter suction catheter for better suctioning. C. Suction for no more than 10 seconds at a time. D. Apply suction while the child is exhaling.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Applying suction continuously while inserting the suction catheter is not recommended. This could potentially cause trauma to the trachea and lead to complications.

Choice B rationale

Using a large diameter suction catheter for better suctioning is not recommended. The size of the suction catheter should be appropriate for the size of the tracheostomy tube. Using a catheter that is too large could cause trauma to the trachea.

Choice C rationale

Suctioning for no more than 10 seconds at a time is recommended to prevent hypoxia (lack of oxygen). Prolonged suctioning can lead to complications such as hypoxia, trauma to the trachea, and cardiac arrhythmias.

Choice D rationale

Applying suction while the child is exhaling is not recommended. Suction should be applied while withdrawing the suction catheter, not during exhalation.

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What characteristics are typical in a child diagnosed with Down syndrome? (Select all that apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is educating parents of a child with a cleft palate.What should the nurse instruct the parents to report immediately?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

When suctioning a child with a tracheostomy, what should the nurse do to maintain a patent airway and prevent complications?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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