A client with cystitis receives a prescription for phenazopyridine. Which information should the nurse explain to the client about its therapeutic effect?
Eliminates urinary bacteria.
Use the medication after voiding after sexual intercourse.
Calms spasms in the urinary tract.
Provides an analgesic effect for irritated bladder mucosa.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason:
Phenazopyridine does not eliminate urinary bacteria. It is not an antibiotic and does not have antibacterial properties. Instead, it is used to relieve symptoms such as pain, burning, and discomfort caused by irritation of the urinary tract. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
Choice B reason:
Using phenazopyridine after voiding or after sexual intercourse is not a standard recommendation. This medication is typically taken after meals to reduce stomach upset. It is not specifically indicated for use after sexual intercourse, and this choice does not align with the typical usage instructions for phenazopyridine.
Choice C reason:
Phenazopyridine does not calm spasms in the urinary tract. Its primary function is to provide symptomatic relief from pain, burning, and discomfort in the urinary tract. It does not have antispasmodic properties, so this choice is also incorrect.
Choice D reason:
Phenazopyridine provides an analgesic effect for irritated bladder mucosa. It works by numbing the lining of the urinary tract, which helps to alleviate pain and discomfort associated with conditions like cystitis. This is the correct therapeutic effect of the medication.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Calcium acetate is not used to lower potassium levels. Potassium levels in the blood are typically managed through dietary restrictions, medications like potassium binders, and dialysis in patients with CKD. The normal range for blood potassium levels is 3.5 to 5.2 mEq/L for adults.
Choice B reason:
Calcium acetate can increase calcium levels in the blood, not decrease them. It is important to monitor calcium levels to avoid hypercalcemia, which can lead to complications such as vascular calcification and cardiac issues. The normal range for blood calcium levels is 8.6 to 10.2 mg/dL.
Choice C reason:
Calcium acetate is used to lower phosphate levels in patients with CKD. It works by binding to dietary phosphate in the intestines, forming insoluble calcium phosphate that is excreted in the stool. This helps prevent hyperphosphatemia, a common issue in CKD patients. The normal range for blood phosphate levels is 2.5 to 4.5 mg/dL.
Choice D reason:
Calcium acetate does not directly affect blood pH levels. Blood pH is regulated by the kidneys and lungs, and the normal range is 7.35 to 7.45. While CKD can affect acid-base balance, calcium acetate’s primary role is to manage phosphate levels.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Zolpidem is primarily prescribed for the short-term treatment of insomnia. It works by enhancing the activity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA-A receptor, which helps to induce sleep. While improved sleep can indirectly affect other conditions, such as incontinence, decreased episodes of incontinence are not a direct outcome of zolpidem administration.
Choice B reason: Improved ability to concentrate is not a primary outcome of zolpidem treatment. Zolpidem is a sedative-hypnotic medication used to treat insomnia by helping patients fall asleep faster and stay asleep longer. While better sleep can improve overall cognitive function, the primary goal of zolpidem is to improve sleep quality, not directly enhance concentration.
Choice C reason: Exhibiting fewer emotional outbursts is not a direct effect of zolpidem. The medication is designed to treat insomnia and does not have a significant impact on emotional regulation. Emotional outbursts may be related to other underlying conditions that zolpidem does not address.
Choice D reason: The primary desired outcome of zolpidem administration is to help the patient sleep soundly through the night. Zolpidem is effective in reducing sleep latency and increasing the duration of sleep, which is particularly beneficial for older adults who may have difficulty maintaining sleep. Achieving a full night’s rest is the main indicator that zolpidem is working as intended.
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