Individuals with diabetes, a minor injury to the foot can cause major complications due to:
Increased WBC in the blood.
Edema to the tissues
Increase blood flow by giving more oxygen to the tissues.
Decreased blood flow to the tissues causing gangrene.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: While white blood cells (WBC) are essential for fighting infections, increased WBCs in the blood is not the reason why a minor injury can cause major complications in individuals with diabetes. In fact, diabetes can impair the function of WBCs, making it harder to fight infections.
Choice B reason: Edema, or swelling, can occur in individuals with diabetes, especially in the lower extremities. However, it is not the primary reason why minor injuries can lead to severe complications. Edema can contribute to discomfort and further complications, but it is not the root cause.
Choice C reason: Increased blood flow and oxygen delivery to tissues would generally be beneficial for healing. However, individuals with diabetes often have impaired blood flow, not increased blood flow. This impairment can hinder the healing process and lead to complications.
Choice D reason: The major reason why a minor injury can cause significant complications in individuals with diabetes is due to decreased blood flow to the tissues. Diabetes can cause damage to blood vessels and nerves (peripheral neuropathy), leading to poor circulation and a reduced ability to sense injuries. This decreased blood flow can prevent adequate delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues, leading to slow healing, increased risk of infection, and in severe cases, gangrene (tissue death). Without proper blood flow, even minor injuries can become serious and may require medical intervention, including possible amputation to prevent the spread of infection.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Running, while excellent for cardiovascular fitness and overall muscle strength, does not specifically target the pelvic floor muscles. These muscles require specific exercises to strengthen them effectively.
Choice B reason: Kegel exercises are specifically designed to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles. These exercises involve repeatedly contracting and relaxing the muscles that form part of the pelvic floor, which supports the bladder, bowel, and uterus. Regular practice of Kegel exercises can improve bladder control and overall pelvic health.
Choice C reason: Holding urine for extended periods of time is not a recommended way to strengthen pelvic muscles. In fact, this practice can lead to urinary tract infections and bladder problems. It is important to empty the bladder regularly to maintain urinary health.
Choice D reason: Weight-bearing exercises are beneficial for bone health and overall muscle strength but do not specifically target the pelvic floor muscles. Specific exercises, like Kegels, are needed to strengthen the pelvic floor effectively.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Type 1 diabetes is characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. It is not primarily marked by insulin resistance, which is more characteristic of type 2 diabetes. The genetic and environmental factors in type 1 diabetes lead to a lack of insulin production, rather than resistance.
Choice B reason: In type 1 diabetes, there is an absolute deficit in insulin production. This is because the body's immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, individuals with type 1 diabetes require exogenous insulin to manage their blood glucose levels.
Choice C reason: While type 1 diabetes has genetic and environmental influences, the condition results in an inability to produce insulin rather than partial insulin production. The autoimmune response in type 1 diabetes leads to the destruction of almost all beta cells, resulting in an absolute deficit of insulin.
Choice D reason: Type 1 diabetes does not typically exhibit both insulin resistance and no insulin production. While some individuals with type 1 diabetes may develop insulin resistance over time (a condition known as "double diabetes"), the hallmark feature of type 1 diabetes is the absolute deficiency of insulin due to the autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
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