Early signs and symptoms you would expect a person with type 1 diabetes to exhibit include:
Polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, weight loss, fatigue.
Weakness, vomiting, hypotension, mental confusion.
Recurrent infections, visual changes, paresthesia.
Vomiting, abdominal pain, sweet, fruity breath, dehydration, Kussmaul breathing.
The correct answer is a) Polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, weight loss, fatigue.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Polydipsia refers to excessive thirst, polyuria refers to frequent urination, polyphagia refers to increased hunger, weight loss often occurs despite an increased appetite, and fatigue is a common symptom due to the body's inability to properly use glucose for energy. These symptoms are classic early signs of type 1 diabetes and occur because the body cannot produce enough insulin to regulate blood sugar levels.
Choice B reason: While weakness, vomiting, hypotension, and mental confusion can be symptoms associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (a serious complication of diabetes), they are not typically the earliest signs of type 1 diabetes. These symptoms may develop later if diabetes is not managed properly.
Choice C reason: Recurrent infections, visual changes, and paresthesia can occur in individuals with diabetes, but they are more common in long-standing diabetes and are not the earliest signs. These symptoms result from chronic high blood sugar levels affecting various body systems.
Choice D reason: Vomiting, abdominal pain, sweet, fruity breath, dehydration, and Kussmaul breathing are symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a severe and life-threatening complication of diabetes. While these symptoms can occur in individuals with type 1 diabetes, they are not the initial signs but rather indicators of an advanced and poorly controlled condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Fasting blood glucose measures the blood sugar level after an individual has not eaten for at least 8 hours. While it provides a snapshot of current blood glucose levels, it does not reflect long-term blood glucose control.
Choice B reason: Urinalysis can detect the presence of glucose or ketones in the urine, which can indicate poor blood glucose control. However, it does not provide a direct measure of blood glucose levels over time and is not the best predictor of long-term control.
Choice C reason: Feasting (postprandial) blood glucose measures blood sugar levels after eating. It can indicate how well the body manages glucose after a meal but does not provide information about overall blood glucose control over the previous few months.
Choice D reason: Hemoglobin A1C, also known as HbA1c, measures the percentage of glycated hemoglobin in the blood. It reflects the average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months. This test is considered the best predictor of long-term blood glucose control because it provides a comprehensive view of blood sugar management over an extended period. The normal range for HbA1c is typically below 5.7% for individuals without diabetes.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Oliguria refers to the production of abnormally small amounts of urine. While it can occur in dehydration, it does not specifically indicate concentrated, dark, strong-smelling urine.
Choice B reason: Dehydration often leads to concentrated, dark, strong-smelling urine. When the body is dehydrated, the kidneys conserve water, resulting in less urine that is more concentrated with waste products, giving it a darker color and stronger smell.
Choice C reason: Increased fluid volume would typically result in dilute urine, which is pale and has a less strong odor. Therefore, it is not associated with concentrated, dark, strong-smelling urine.
Choice D reason: Urinary retention is the inability to empty the bladder completely. While it can lead to various symptoms, it is not specifically associated with concentrated, dark, strong-smelling urine.
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