How does montelukast (Singulair), a leukotriene blocker, work in the treatment of asthma?

Choice A reason: Potassium is not restricted in the management of high blood pressure. In fact, potassium can help lower blood pressure by balancing the effects of sodium and relaxing the blood vessel walls.

Choice B reason: Magnesium is not restricted in the management of high blood pressure. Magnesium can also help lower blood pressure by regulating the calcium channels and improving the endothelial function.

Choice C reason: Calcium is not restricted in the management of high blood pressure. Calcium can also help lower blood pressure by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system and reducing the vascular resistance.

Choice D reason: Sodium is restricted in the management of high blood pressure. Sodium can increase blood pressure by retaining water in the body and increasing the blood volume and pressure.

Choice A reason: Decrease in wheezing present on auscultation indicates that albuterol was effective. Albuterol is a bronchodilator that relaxes the smooth muscles of the airways and reduces the airway resistance. This improves the airflow and reduces the wheezing sound that is caused by the turbulent flow of air through the narrowed airways.

Choice B reason: Respiratory rate increased to 38 breaths/min does not indicate that albuterol was effective. It indicates that the patient is still experiencing respiratory distress and hypoxia. The normal respiratory rate for adults is 12 to 20 breaths/min. A high respiratory rate can also be a side effect of albuterol, as it can stimulate the sympathetic nervous system and increase the heart rate and blood pressure.

Choice C reason: Sputum production is clear and watery does not indicate that albuterol was effective. It indicates that the patient has a productive cough and is expelling mucus from the lungs. Sputum production is not directly affected by albuterol, as it does not have anti-inflammatory or mucolytic properties.

Choice D reason: Use of neck muscles does not indicate that albuterol was effective. It indicates that the patient is using accessory muscles to breathe and is exerting more effort to inhale. This is a sign of severe respiratory distress and airway obstruction. Albuterol should relieve the bronchospasm and reduce the need for accessory muscle use.