For a client newly diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus who has a BMI index of 28, which information should the nurse include in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply)

Check blood glucose levels prior to exercising.

Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia.

Weight control is necessary for this disease.

Decrease fiber and protein in the diet.

Obtain eye examinations every 3 months.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

Choice A Reason
Monitoring blood glucose levels before exercise is crucial for individuals with Type 2 diabetes. Exercise can lower blood glucose levels, and it's important to ensure they are not too low before starting, which could lead to hypoglycemia during physical activity. The patient should be taught how to check their glucose and understand their target ranges.

Choice B Reason
Recognizing the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia is essential for all individuals with diabetes, especially those on medications that can lower blood glucose levels. Symptoms may include shakiness, sweating, confusion, and in severe cases, loss of consciousness. Patients should know how to respond to these symptoms promptly.

Choice C Reason
Weight control through diet and exercise is a fundamental part of managing Type 2 diabetes. A BMI of 28 falls into the overweight category, and reducing weight can help improve insulin sensitivity and blood glucose control. The patient should receive guidance on healthy eating and physical activity tailored to their needs.

Choice D Reason
Decreasing fiber and protein in the diet is not recommended for individuals with Type 2 diabetes. In fact, a diet high in fiber can help control blood sugar levels, and adequate protein intake is important for overall health. Patients should be encouraged to consume a balanced diet with sufficient fiber and protein.

Choice E Reason
While regular eye examinations are important for individuals with diabetes, obtaining them every 3 months is not typically necessary unless there is an existing eye condition that requires close monitoring. Generally, an annual eye exam is recommended to check for diabetes-related eye complications.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:
Using bronchodilators every 2 hours as needed may not be appropriate for all clients. Bronchodilators are typically used on a schedule or as needed based on symptoms, but overuse can lead to tolerance and decreased effectiveness. The nurse should provide education on the proper use and timing of bronchodilators.

Choice B reason:
Pursed-lip breathing is a technique that helps control shortness of breath and improve ventilation. It can slow down the client's breathing, promote relaxation, and ensure more effective lung function. This technique is particularly beneficial during an acute exacerbation of COPD and should be included in the discharge teaching plan.

Choice C reason:
Increasing home oxygen without proper assessment can be dangerous. Oxygen therapy should be titrated based on the client's oxygen saturation and clinical status. Clients with COPD are at risk of CO2 retention, and too much oxygen can suppress their drive to breathe. The nurse should educate the client on monitoring their SpO2 and when to adjust oxygen levels, typically under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

Choice D reason:
Huff coughing is a technique used to clear mucus from the airways. While it can be effective, it should be taught by a respiratory therapist or nurse who can assess the client's ability to perform the technique correctly. It is not the first-line teaching for a client being discharged with an acute exacerbation of COPD.

A. "Forget him. There are other fish in the sea." B. "You must have been very upset to do what you did." C. "Don't worry, you'll get over him in time." D. "Why do you think your boyfriend broke up with you?"

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason:
The statement "Forget him. There are other fish in the sea." minimizes the client's feelings and does not acknowledge the emotional pain they are experiencing. It is a cliché that can come across as dismissive rather than empathetic.

Choice B Reason:
"You must have been very upset to do what you did." This statement acknowledges the client's distress and does not judge their actions. It reflects an understanding of the depth of their emotional pain, which is a key component of empathy.

Choice C Reason:
"Don't worry, you'll get over him in time." While this statement may be intended to provide reassurance, it does not address the immediate emotional state of the client. It could be perceived as brushing aside their current feelings.

Choice D Reason:
"Why do you think your boyfriend broke up with you?" This question could be seen as probing for information rather than offering support. It might imply that the client is at fault for the breakup, which is not an empathetic approach.

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For a client newly diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus who has a BMI index of 28, which information should the nurse include in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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