Exhibits

The practical nurse (PN) would like to encourage the client to take oral fluids so that the IV fluids can eventually be discontinued.

Which three strategies would be most effective in getting a client to consume adequate oral fluids?

1. "MRSA is not that big of a deal."
   No Understanding: MRSA is a serious infection that can be difficult to treat and can spread. It is important for the client to understand the severity of MRSA.
2. "I should wash my hands and encourage others who are around me to wash their hands."
   Understanding: Hand hygiene is critical in preventing the spread of MRSA. The client is aware of the importance of hand washing for infection control.
3. "I will no longer be able to transmit MRSA once my surgical site is completely healed."
   No Understanding: MRSA can be a persistent infection, and healing of the surgical site does not guarantee that MRSA cannot be transmitted. Proper infection control measures must continue.
4. "My diet makes a difference in my ability to heal."
   Understanding: Nutrition plays a role in the healing process and overall recovery. A balanced diet supports the immune system and aids in wound healing.
5. "I should only take antibiotics until I feel better."
   No Understanding: It is crucial to complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed to ensure the infection is fully treated and to prevent resistance

A. Thrombocytopenia
Monitoring for thrombocytopenia is not directly related to the treatment of fluid volume deficit. While it is important to watch for any blood-related issues, thrombocytopenia is not a common concern specifically due to the administration of isotonic fluids like 0.9% sodium chloride. This condition would not be a primary focus in this scenario.
B. Pulmonary edema
The client should be monitored for pulmonary edema as a potential complication of fluid resuscitation. Administering large volumes of isotonic fluids can lead to fluid overload, which may cause pulmonary edema. This is especially important given the presence of pneumonia and the client's symptoms of shortness of breath and crackles in the lung fields.
C. Hypokalemia
Hypokalemia should be monitored as a potential complication of isotonic fluid administration. Although 0.9% sodium chloride does not contain potassium, patients receiving IV fluids for a significant period may develop electrolyte imbalances, including hypokalemia. Monitoring serum electrolytes is necessary to address such imbalances.
D. Alkalosis
Alkalosis is less likely to occur with isotonic fluids like 0.9% sodium chloride. This type of fluid generally does not cause acid-base imbalances such as alkalosis. The treatment for fluid volume deficit is not expected to lead to alkalosis, which is more commonly associated with metabolic alkalosis from other sources.
E. Phlebitis
Phlebitis should be monitored due to the presence of a peripheral IV access device. Long-term or large-volume infusions can irritate the vein, leading to inflammation or phlebitis. Regular inspection of the IV site for redness, swelling, or pain is necessary to prevent and manage this complication.
F. Hyponatremia
Hyponatremia is not a direct concern with isotonic fluids like 0.9% sodium chloride, as these fluids maintain sodium levels without causing a dilution effect. Monitoring sodium levels is generally more relevant in cases where hypotonic fluids are used.
G. Diarrhea and vomiting
Diarrhea and vomiting are not directly related to isotonic fluid administration. Although these symptoms can contribute to fluid volume deficits, they are not a common complication of fluid resuscitation.
H. Hyperglycemia
Hyperglycemia is not a concern with isotonic fluids like 0.9% sodium chloride. Hyperglycemia is more associated with fluids containing glucose, such as dextrose solutions. Therefore, monitoring for hyperglycemia is not necessary in this context