During a routine health screening of an adult client, the nurse notes several changes that have occurred over the past year. Which change indicates the need for a bone density screening?

Diminished appetite.

Lower body mass index (BMI).

Decreased height.

15-pound weight loss.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Diminished appetite: While this can be a symptom of various conditions, it's not a direct indicator for a bone density screening.

B. Lower body mass index (BMI): A lower BMI can increase the risk of osteoporosis, but it's not a definitive sign requiring immediate bone density screening.

C. Decreased height: Losing height as an adult can be a sign of vertebral fractures caused by osteoporosis. This is a significant finding that warrants a bone density screening to assess bone mineral density.

D. 15-pound weight loss: Sudden or unexplained weight loss can be a concern, but it doesn't directly suggest the need for a bone density test unless accompanied by other risk factors.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. 3-year-old walking on tiptoes: While some children may walk on their tiptoes occasionally, it's not necessarily a cause for concern unless it's persistent or accompanied by other developmental delays.

B. 1.5-year-old attempting to scribble: This is a typical stage for exploring hand and finger movements, leading to early attempts at drawing.

C. 5-month-old with whole hand grasp: At this age, infants use their whole hand to grasp objects, which is a normal developmental step before developing a more refined pincer grasp.

D. 3.5-month-old with diminished Moro reflex. The Moro reflex is a normal reflex in newborns that typically disappears by around 4 to 6 months of age. A diminished or absent Moro reflex before this age could indicate neurological concerns or developmental delays. Referral to a healthcare provider is necessary for further evaluation.

A. Sensory dysfunction. B. Transient ischemic attack. C. Muscle flaccidity. D. Intention tremor.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Sensory dysfunction. Sensory dysfunction refers to impairment or abnormalities in the sensory system, such as touch, proprioception, or temperature sensation. Tremors, particularly those affecting movement, are not typically associated with sensory dysfunction.

B. Transient ischemic attack. Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain, resulting in transient neurological symptoms. Tremors are not a characteristic symptom of TIA, although other neurological deficits such as weakness, numbness, or speech disturbances may occur.

C. Muscle flaccidity. Muscle flaccidity refers to a state of reduced muscle tone or weakness, often associated with conditions such as stroke or spinal cord injury. Tremors are not typically described as muscle flaccidity; instead, they often involve rhythmic, involuntary movements of the muscles.

D. Intention tremor. This is the most appropriate option. An intention tremor is a type of tremor that occurs during purposeful movement, such as reaching for an object. It is often characterized by tremors that worsen as the individual approaches the target (e.g., reaching for a glass of water). Intention tremors can be associated with various neurological conditions, including essential tremor or cerebellar dysfunction.

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During a routine health screening of an adult client, the nurse notes several changes that have occurred over the past year. Which change indicates the need for a bone density screening?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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