During a routine health screening of an adult client, the nurse notes several changes that have occurred over the past year. Which change indicates the need for a bone density screening?

Diminished appetite.

Lower body mass index (BMI).

Decreased height.

15-pound weight loss.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Diminished appetite: While this can be a symptom of various conditions, it's not a direct indicator for a bone density screening.

B. Lower body mass index (BMI): A lower BMI can increase the risk of osteoporosis, but it's not a definitive sign requiring immediate bone density screening.

C. Decreased height: Losing height as an adult can be a sign of vertebral fractures caused by osteoporosis. This is a significant finding that warrants a bone density screening to assess bone mineral density.

D. 15-pound weight loss: Sudden or unexplained weight loss can be a concern, but it doesn't directly suggest the need for a bone density test unless accompanied by other risk factors.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Adduction, abduction, and rotation. These movements are more relevant to the hip joint. While rotation can apply to the knee, adduction and abduction do not. These are not the primary movements for assessing knee range of motion.

B. Extension, flexion, and hyperextension. These are the primary movements used to assess the range of motion in the knee joint. Extension and flexion measure the ability of the knee to straighten and bend, respectively. Hyperextension assesses the extent to which the knee can move beyond its normal straight position.

C. Internal and external rotation. While the knee does have some rotational capacity, these movements are limited and not typically used as primary measures of knee range of motion. They are more applicable to hip joint assessments.

D. Pronation and supination. These terms refer to movements of the forearm and wrist, not the knee. They describe the rotational movement of the forearm where the palm turns up (supination) or down (pronation).

A. Apply a pulse oximeter to the foot B. Draw arterial blood gases. C. Obtain a capillary blood glucose. D. Provide blow by oxygen.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A: Apply a pulse oximeter to the foot. Continuous monitoring of oxygen saturation can help detect hypoxemia early, which can be a concern in post-term infants due to potential respiratory distress or meconium aspiration. However, while important, this is a monitoring measure and not an immediate corrective action for potential metabolic or respiratory issues directly associated with post-term birth.

B: Draw arterial blood gases. Arterial blood gases (ABGs) provide critical information about the newborn's acid-base balance, oxygenation, and ventilation status. Post-term infants are at risk for hypoxia and acidosis, often due to placental insufficiency or meconium aspiration. However, obtaining ABGs can be invasive and might not be the first-line immediate action unless there are signs of severe distress.

C: Obtain a capillary blood glucose. Post-term infants are at increased risk for hypoglycaemia due to increased glucose utilization and possible depletion of glycogen stores. Hypoglycaemia can lead to serious complications if not promptly identified and managed. Therefore, checking blood glucose levels is a critical, non-invasive, and immediate step to ensure metabolic stability and prevent complications such as seizures and brain injury.

D: Provide blow-by oxygen. Blow-by oxygen is used to provide supplemental oxygen in a non-invasive manner and can help in cases of mild respiratory distress. Post-term infants can be at risk for respiratory issues, including meconium aspiration syndrome. However, this is usually applied when there is evidence of respiratory distress and not as a routine measure without specific indications.

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During a routine health screening of an adult client, the nurse notes several changes that have occurred over the past year. Which change indicates the need for a bone density screening?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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