During a respiratory physical assessment, the nurse directs the patient to say and repeat the letter E for the transmitted voice sounds assessment. The nurse by auscultation hears the letter A instead of E. This is known as:

Egophony

normal voice transmission.

Air filled lungs

Bronchophony

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Egophony: Egophony is a type of abnormal voice sound transmission where the letter "E" is heard as an "A" when auscultated through a stethoscope. This can indicate underlying lung pathology, such as consolidation or infection, that alters the way sounds are transmitted through the lung tissue.
B. Normal voice transmission: Normal voice transmission would involve hearing the letter "E" clearly and accurately as the patient says it, without distortion. The presence of an "A" sound indicates an abnormal finding, not a normal one.
C. Air-filled lungs: Air-filled lungs typically transmit voice sounds clearly and normally. If the sound changes to an "A," this suggests a pathology that alters sound transmission, rather than indicating simply air-filled lungs.
D. Bronchophony: Bronchophony refers to the increased clarity of spoken sounds heard through the stethoscope over areas of lung consolidation, but it does not specifically describe the transformation of the letter "E" to "A." The specific change in sound transmission described here is characteristic of egophony.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Vagus: The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) is involved in regulating autonomic functions, such as heart rate and digestion. It does not play a significant role in controlling jaw movements or clenching.
B. Facial: The facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) controls facial expressions, such as smiling or frowning, and also contributes to taste sensation in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. While it is related to facial motor function, it does not control the jaw muscles responsible for clenching.
C. Glossopharyngeal: The glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX) is involved in taste sensation on the posterior one-third of the tongue, as well as in swallowing and salivation. It does not control the jaw muscles used for clenching.
D. Trigeminal: The trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) is responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions related to chewing. It innervates the muscles of mastication, including those involved in clenching the jaw. The client’s jaw clenching is a direct manifestation of motor function associated with the trigeminal nerve.

A. Tricuspid and mitral B. Mitral and aortic C. Aortic and pulmonic D. Pulmonic and tricuspid

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Tricuspid and mitral: The tricuspid and mitral valves are best auscultated over the areas where the heart's valves are closest to the chest wall, specifically at the lower left sternal border and the apex, respectively. A louder S2 in the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border does not indicate the closure of these valves.
B) Mitral and aortic: The mitral valve is auscultated at the apex, and the aortic valve is best heard at the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border. While a louder S2 may be associated with the aortic valve, it is not consistent with the mitral valve.
C) Aortic and pulmonic: The aortic valve and pulmonic valve are located in the areas where S2 (second heart sound) is predominantly heard. The aortic valve is located at the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border, and the pulmonic valve is heard at the 2nd intercostal space left sternal border. A louder S2 in the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border indicates a louder closure of the aortic valve and potentially the pulmonic valve as well.
D) Pulmonic and tricuspid: The pulmonic valve is auscultated at the 2nd intercostal space left sternal border, while the tricuspid valve is heard best at the lower left sternal border. A louder S2 in the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border does not indicate the closure of the tricuspid valve.

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During a respiratory physical assessment, the nurse directs the patient to say and repeat the letter E for the transmitted voice sounds assessment. The nurse by auscultation hears the letter A instead of E. This is known as:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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