An overweight African-American female client with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism asks the nurse why she has begun to gain body weight. Which is the best explanation the Medical Surgical nurse can provide?
"Your metabolism is slowing down."
"You should be exercising for longer periods of time."
"You could be making healthier food choices."
"You are retaining fluid."
The Correct Answer is A
(a) "Your metabolism is slowing down.":
Hypothyroidism leads to a decrease in the production of thyroid hormones, which are critical in regulating metabolism. With lower levels of these hormones, the body's metabolic rate decreases, resulting in reduced calorie burning and subsequent weight gain. This explanation directly addresses the underlying cause of weight gain in hypothyroidism.
(b) "You should be exercising for longer periods of time.":
While exercise is beneficial for overall health and can help manage weight, it does not directly address the reason for weight gain in hypothyroidism. The primary issue is the slowed metabolism due to thyroid hormone deficiency, not a lack of exercise.
(c) "You could be making healthier food choices.":
Although diet plays a role in weight management, this response does not explain the root cause of weight gain in hypothyroidism. The condition itself slows metabolism, leading to weight gain even if dietary habits remain unchanged.
(d) "You are retaining fluid.":
Fluid retention can occur in hypothyroidism but is not the primary reason for weight gain in this condition. The main cause is a decreased metabolic rate, which leads to the accumulation of body fat. Fluid retention might contribute to some weight gain, but it is not the best explanation in this context.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated using the formula:
BMI = weight(kg) / height(m)2
First, we need to convert the height from feet and inches to meters.
There are approximately 0.3048 meters in a foot and 0.0254 meters in an inch.
So, 5 feet 5 inches is approximately 1.65 meters.
Substituting the given values into the formula:
BMI = 60 / (1.65)2
This gives us a BMI of approximately 22 when rounded to the nearest whole number.
Therefore, the correct answer is 22 BMI.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Exophthalmos:
Exophthalmos, or protruding eyeballs, is typically associated with hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease) rather than hypothyroidism. It results from the accumulation of fluid and swelling behind the eyeballs.
(b) Palpitations:
Palpitations, or rapid heartbeat, are more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism due to the increased metabolic rate and sympathetic nervous system stimulation. In hypothyroidism, bradycardia (slow heart rate) is more likely.
(c) Diaphoresis:
Diaphoresis, or excessive sweating, is not a typical finding in hypothyroidism. It is more commonly associated with conditions that cause autonomic dysfunction or hypermetabolic states.
(d) Weight gain:
Weight gain is a hallmark symptom of hypothyroidism. It occurs due to a slowing down of the metabolic rate, leading to reduced calorie expenditure and potential fluid retention.
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