An Angina Pectoris patient begins taking nifedipine [Procardia] a calcium channel blocker, along with metoprolol, to treat hypertension. The nurse understands that metoprolol is used to:
prevent constipation.
minimize gingival hyperplasia.
prevent recurrent chest pain
reduce flushing.
The Correct Answer is C
(A) Prevent constipation: Calcium channel blockers can cause constipation, but metoprolol does not prevent it.
(B) Minimize gingival hyperplasia: Gingival hyperplasia is a side effect of calcium channel blockers, but metoprolol does not counteract it.
(C) Prevent recurrent chest pain: Nifedipine can cause reflex tachycardia, which increases myocardial oxygen demand. Metoprolol (a beta-blocker) prevents this by slowing the heart rate and reducing myocardial workload, thereby preventing angina.
(D) Reduce flushing: Flushing is a side effect of nifedipine, but metoprolol is not used for this purpose.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
(A) Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Enlarged prostate can obstruct urine flow, leading to postrenal AKI.
(B) Acute Tubular Necrosis: This is an intrarenal cause of AKI, resulting from direct kidney injury, not obstruction.
(C) Renal Calculi: Kidney stones blocking the ureter prevent urine excretion, causing back pressure on the kidneys.
(D) Ureteral Stricture: Narrowing of the ureter restricts urine outflow, leading to postrenal AKI.
(E) Bladder Tumor: A tumor in the bladder can obstruct urine passage, leading to kidney damage.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
(A) Administer Corticosteroids: PKD is not an inflammatory disease, so steroids are not the first-line treatment.
(B) Encourage Dietary Protein Intake: High-protein diets can worsen kidney damage in PKD patients.
(C) Monitor Blood Pressure: Hypertension is a common and serious complication of PKD. Controlling blood pressure can slow disease progression and reduce the risk of further kidney damage.
(D) Prepare for Immediate Dialysis: Dialysis is not required unless the patient has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Early-stage PKD is managed with symptom control and blood pressure management.
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