An adult male client tells the nurse that he smokes approximately one pack of cigarettes daily. How can the nurse expect smoking to affect this client's sleep?

Decrease the need for rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.

He would sleep soundly during the first half of the night, with increased arousals during the second half.

Increase sleep latency, and reduce total sleep time.

He would have difficulty falling to sleep, and sleep very lightly with more frequent arousals.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Nicotine’s impact on REM sleep is not as direct as this option suggests. REM sleep can be reduced, but
it is not directly linked to a decreased need for REM sleep.
B.   This option may be true for some individuals, but smoking typically causes disruptions throughout the night, not just in the second half.
C.   Smoking has been shown to increase sleep latency (the time it takes to fall asleep) and reduce total sleep time due to nicotine’s stimulant effect and withdrawal symptoms during sleep.
D.   Difficulty falling asleep and light sleep with frequent arousals are common effects of smoking due to
nicotine’s stimulant properties and withdrawal during the night.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A decrease in hematocrit from 36% to 32% suggests ongoing blood loss and that the client’s GI bleeding has not yet resolved. Hematocrit is a key indicator of the client’s blood volume and oxygen- carrying capacity.
B. Hemoglobin A1C reflects long-term blood sugar control, not current blood loss. A change in A1C is not indicative of GI bleeding resolution.
C. An increase in prothrombin time (PT) from 12 to 18 seconds indicates clotting abnormalities, which may occur with liver dysfunction or anticoagulant therapy, but it doesn't directly relate to GI bleeding resolution.
D. A positive to negative change in the guaiac test (fecal occult blood test) would indicate that the blood in the stool is no longer present, suggesting resolution of bleeding, which doesn’t match the question’s context.

A. Observe the client's pupillary response to a penlight. B. Observe the client's optic disc through an ophthalmoscope. C. Observe the client's eye movements through the cardinal fields of vision. D. Assess the client's ability to read a Snellen chart from a distance of 20 feet.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Observing pupillary response to a penlight helps assess the neurological function related to the eyes, such as reaction to light, but it does not directly assess the client's overall visual acuity or support the claim of being legally blind.
B. Examining the optic disc can help identify structural changes in the eye, such as damage to the retina or optic nerve, but it doesn't directly assess the client’s claim of being legally blind or the extent of visual impairment.
C. Assessing eye movements can help evaluate for conditions such as strabismus or cranial nerve abnormalities, but it doesn't provide a direct assessment of visual acuity or support the client’s statement of blindness.
D. The Snellen chart is a standard tool for assessing visual acuity and is the most appropriate method to objectively measure whether the client has the visual impairment consistent with being legally blind.

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An adult male client tells the nurse that he smokes approximately one pack of cigarettes daily. How can the nurse expect smoking to affect this client's sleep?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client states, "I am legally blind." Which assessment technique should the nurse use to obtain subjective data to support the client's statement?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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