An adult exposed to tuberculosis is scheduled to begin prophylactic treatment with isoniazid. Which information is most important for the nurse to note before administering the initial dose?
Conversion of the client's PPD test from negative to positive
History of intravenous drug abuse
Current diagnosis of hepatitis B
Length of time of the exposure to tuberculosis
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A: Conversion of the client's PPD test from negative to positive is not the most important information for the nurse to note, as this is an expected finding for a client who has been exposed to tuberculosis and does not affect the administration of isoniazid. This is a distractor choice.
Choice B: History of intravenous drug abuse is not the most important information for the nurse to note, as this is not directly related to the use of isoniazid and does not contraindicate its administration. This is another distractor choice.
Choice C: Current diagnosis of hepatitis B is the most important information for the nurse to note, as this can increase the risk of hepatotoxicity and liver damage from isoniazid, which requires close monitoring and possible dose adjustment. Therefore, this is the correct choice.
Choice D: Length of time of the exposure to tuberculosis is not the most important information for the nurse to note, as this does not influence the dosage or frequency of isoniazid and does not indicate any complication or adverse reaction. This is another distractor choice.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Scheduling the child for a STAT magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the neck is not a priority action for the nurse. MRI is a diagnostic test that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce images of the internal structures of the body. MRI of the neck may be useful to rule out other causes of respiratory distress, such as tumors, abscesses, or foreign bodies, but it is not an urgent procedure. Moreover, MRI requires the child to lie still for a long time, which may be difficult or impossible for a child who is anxious and in respiratory distress.
Choice B reason: Providing a nebulizer treatment with bronchodilators is not a suitable action for the nurse. Nebulizer is a device that delivers medication in the form of a mist that can be inhaled into the lungs. Bronchodilators are medications that relax the smooth muscles of the airways and improve airflow. Nebulizer treatment with bronchodilators may be helpful for children with respiratory distress caused by asthma, bronchiolitis, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but not for children with respiratory distress caused by upper airway obstruction, which is the most likely scenario for this child.
Choice C reason: Obtaining bedside trays for intubation or tracheotomy by the healthcare provider is the most appropriate action for the nurse. Intubation is a procedure that involves inserting a tube through the mouth or nose into the trachea to secure the airway and provide ventilation. Tracheotomy is a surgical procedure that involves creating an opening in the neck and inserting a tube into the trachea to bypass the upper airway obstruction. Both procedures are life-saving interventions for children with respiratory distress caused by upper airway obstruction, which is the most likely scenario for this child. The nurse should prepare the necessary equipment and assist the healthcare provider in performing these procedures.
Choice D reason: Beginning prescribed intravenous antibiotic administration is not a relevant action for the nurse. Antibiotics are medications that kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria that cause infections. Antibiotics may be indicated for children with respiratory distress caused by bacterial infections, such as pneumonia, tonsillitis, or epiglottitis, but not for children with respiratory distress caused by non-infectious causes, such as foreign bodies, anaphylaxis, or congenital anomalies. Moreover, antibiotics are not an immediate intervention for respiratory distress, as they take time to exert their effects.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","E","F"]
Explanation
Choice B is correct because weight management is an important factor in preventing and controlling hypertension. Taking daily walks for thirty minutes can help reduce weight and lower blood pressure.
Choice C is correct because salt substitutes can help with maintaining a healthy diet by reducing sodium intake. Sodium intake is associated with increased blood pressure and should be limited to less than 2,300 mg per day.
Choice E is correct because sodium intake can be regulated by rinsing canned foods in water. Canned foods often contain high amounts of sodium as a preservative and rinsing them can remove some of the excess sodium.
Choice F is correct because uncontrolled hypertension can lead to renal damage. Hypertension can cause damage to the blood vessels and impair the function of the kidneys, leading to chronic kidney disease or failure.
Choice A is incorrect because alcohol consumption can produce vascular changes that increase blood pressure. Alcohol intake should be limited to no more than one drink per day for women and two drinks per day for men.
Choice D is incorrect because blood pressure readings should not be taken at noontime. Blood pressure readings should be taken at the same time each day, preferably in the morning before breakfast or in the evening before dinner.
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