An adolescent boy is admitted to the emergency department following a bee sting. He arrives with a body rash and 30 minutes later becomes short of breath. The nurse obtains vital signs with a blood pressure of 90/52 mm Hg, heart rate 130 beats/minute, and respiratory rate 40 breaths/minute. The client is exhibiting clinical manifestations of which type of immune reaction?

Choice A reason: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, promotes urine output by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing fluid overload in heart failure. Increased urine output indicates effective diuresis, alleviating pulmonary and peripheral edema, making it the primary sign of therapeutic efficacy.

Choice B reason: Elevated blood pressure is not an expected effect of furosemide, which reduces preload and blood volume, often lowering pressure. Effective diuresis is shown by increased urine output, as this directly reflects fluid removal, critical for heart failure management.

Choice C reason: Increased heart rate is not a direct indicator of furosemide efficacy. Diuresis reduces cardiac workload, potentially stabilizing heart rate, but urine output is the primary measure, as it confirms fluid excretion, the medication’s main action in heart failure.

Choice D reason: Weight gain indicates fluid retention, the opposite of furosemide’s goal. Effective diuresis causes weight loss due to fluid excretion. Increased urine output is the key sign, as it directly measures the diuretic’s action in reducing heart failure-related fluid overload.

Choice A reason: Increasing iron-rich foods (e.g., red meat, spinach) corrects anemia by boosting hemoglobin synthesis, as iron is essential for red blood cell production. This addresses the underlying deficiency, improving oxygen transport, making it the priority dietary recommendation for anemia management.

Choice B reason: Limiting vitamin C is incorrect, as it enhances iron absorption, aiding anemia correction. Iron-rich foods are the priority, as they directly supply the deficient nutrient, improving hemoglobin levels, making vitamin C restriction counterproductive to effective anemia treatment.

Choice C reason: Restricting green leafy vegetables, which are iron-rich, worsens anemia. These foods (e.g., spinach) provide dietary iron, essential for hemoglobin synthesis. Increasing iron intake is the priority, as it corrects the deficiency, making vegetable restriction inappropriate for anemia.

Choice D reason: Avoiding whole grains is irrelevant, as they provide nutrients supporting overall health. Iron-rich foods directly address anemia by supplying iron for red blood cell production, making them the priority dietary recommendation over grain restrictions, which do not impact anemia correction.