Albumin 25% IV is prescribed for a child with nephrotic syndrome. Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the medication is having the desired effect?

Weight gain.

Reduction of edema.

Improved caloric intake.

Reduction of fever.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Weight gain. While albumin administration increases intravascular volume, leading to temporary fluid retention, the goal in nephrotic syndrome is to shift fluid from the interstitial spaces back into circulation. The expected outcome is a reduction in edema, not an overall weight gain. A persistent increase in weight could indicate continued fluid retention rather than treatment effectiveness.
B. Reduction of edema. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by hypoalbuminemia, which causes fluid to leak from the blood vessels into the tissues, leading to generalized edema. Albumin 25% IV works by increasing oncotic pressure, drawing fluid back into the bloodstream. Once in circulation, excess fluid is excreted by the kidneys, resulting in decreased swelling, especially in the face, abdomen, and lower extremities.
C. Improved caloric intake. Nephrotic syndrome affects fluid balance but does not typically lead to reduced appetite unless complications arise. While improved well-being may lead to better nutritional intake, this is not the primary expected outcome of albumin therapy.
D. Reduction of fever. Fever is not a direct symptom of nephrotic syndrome, though it may occur with infections due to immunosuppression from protein loss. Albumin therapy does not have antipyretic properties, so a reduction in fever would not indicate the medication’s effectiveness in managing nephrotic syndrome.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Avoid any smoking inside the house. Exposure to secondhand smoke increases the risk of recurrent otitis media by irritating the respiratory tract and impairing mucociliary clearance. Reducing or eliminating smoke exposure is an essential preventive measure to lower inflammation and decrease bacterial colonization in the middle ear.
B. Give infant the full course of antibiotics. Completing the full course of prescribed antibiotics ensures that the infection is fully treated, preventing bacterial resistance and reducing the likelihood of recurrent or persistent infections. Stopping antibiotics prematurely can lead to incomplete eradication of the bacteria and increase the risk of future infections.
C. Schedule visit for pneumococcal vaccine. The pneumococcal vaccine protects against Streptococcus pneumoniae, one of the leading causes of otitis media. Ensuring that the infant is up to date with routine vaccinations, including the pneumococcal and Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccines, can significantly reduce the risk of recurrent infections.
D. Instill benzocaine otic drops regularly. Benzocaine otic drops provide temporary pain relief but do not prevent or treat infections. Using them regularly without medical guidance may mask symptoms of worsening infection, delay appropriate treatment, or cause local irritation. Pain management should be used only as needed and in conjunction with appropriate medical interventions.

Correct Answer is ["450"]

Explanation

Calculate the concentration of the solution:

Concentration = Total grams of magnesium sulfate / Total volume (mL)

= 20 grams / 500 mL

= 0.04 grams/mL

Calculate the volume needed for the prescribed dose:

Volume (mL) = Desired dose (grams) / Concentration (grams/mL)

= 6 grams / 0.04 grams/mL

= 150 mL

Calculate the infusion rate in mL/hour:

Infusion rate (mL/hour) = Volume (mL) / Time (minutes) x 60 minutes/hour

= 150 mL / 20 minutes x 60 minutes/hour

= 450 mL/hour

The nurse should set the infusion pump to deliver 450 mL/hour.

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Albumin 25% IV is prescribed for a child with nephrotic syndrome. Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the medication is having the desired effect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to the caregiver of an infant with recurrent otitis media. Which statement made by the caregiver should the nurse recognize as needing additional education about minimizing subsequent infections?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The healthcare provider prescribes magnesium sulfate 6 grams IV to be infused over 20 minutes for client with preterm labor. The IV bag contains "Magnesium sulfate 20 grams in dextrose 5% in water 500 mL." How many mL/hour should the nurse set the infusion pump? (Enter numerical value only.)

Correct Answer is ["450"]

Explanation

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