After testing tonicity in the lab, the items that have been contaminated with blood can be disposed of in the trash can.

True or False?

Choice A rationale: The rate of diffusion is the speed at which particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This depends on the temperature, the size of the particles, and the medium they are in. Temperature affects the kinetic energy and the speed of the particles, which in turn affects the frequency and intensity of their collisions. Higher temperatures mean higher kinetic energy and faster particles, which leads to faster diffusion. ³

Choice B rationale: The change in rate of diffusion is not unaffected by temperature. Temperature is one of the main factors that influences the rate of diffusion, as explained above. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice C rationale: Diffusion does not halt when temperature is increased. On the contrary, diffusion becomes faster when temperature is increased, as explained above. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice D rationale: The change in rate of diffusion is not unpredictable when temperature is increased. There is a clear relationship between temperature and diffusion, as explained above. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice E rationale: The rate of diffusion does not decrease when temperature is increased. On the contrary, diffusion becomes faster when temperature is increased, as explained above. Therefore, this choice is incorrect..

Choice A rationale: H2O is a reactant or input for the light reaction of photosynthesis. In the light reaction, water is split by the energy from sunlight in photosystem II, releasing electrons, protons, and oxygen. The electrons and protons are used to reduce NADP+ to NADPH and to synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi. The oxygen is either used for respiration or released into the air¹².

Choice B rationale: Oxygen is not a reactant or input for the light reaction of photosynthesis, but a product or output. Oxygen is released as a by-product of the splitting of water in photosystem II. Oxygen is either used for respiration or released into the air¹².

Choice C rationale: NADPH is not a reactant or input for the light reaction of photosynthesis, but a product or output. NADPH is an electron carrier that is reduced by the electrons from water in photosystem I. NADPH provides electrons and hydrogen for the dark reaction, which uses CO2 to produce glucose¹².

Choice D rationale: ATP is not a reactant or input for the light reaction of photosynthesis, but a product or output. ATP is an energy molecule that is synthesized by the enzyme ATP synthase using the proton gradient created by the electron transport chain. ATP provides energy for the dark reaction, which uses CO2 to produce glucose¹².

Choice E rationale: Carbon dioxide is not a reactant or input for the light reaction of photosynthesis, but a reactant or input for the dark reaction. The dark reaction uses CO2 and energy intermediates from the light reaction to produce glucose, a type of sugar. The dark reaction does not require light and can occur in the day or night¹².