After having an ultrasound, the fetus' heart shows that "normal fetal circulation is occurring.”. The RN is teaching a pregnant client about normal fetal circulation.Which of the following statements is consistent with the finding?
Blood is returning to the right atrium from the pulmonary system.
Blood is returning to the placenta via the umbilical arteries.
Blood is being shunted to the right side from the left side of the heart.
A right to left shunt is seen between the umbilical arteries.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Blood returning to the right atrium from the pulmonary system is consistent with adult circulation, not fetal circulation. In fetal circulation, blood bypasses the lungs via the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale since the fetus receives oxygenated blood from the placenta, not the lungs.
Choice B rationale
Blood is returning to the placenta via the umbilical arteries. In fetal circulation, deoxygenated blood is carried from the fetus to the placenta through the umbilical arteries. This is consistent with normal fetal circulation as the placenta is responsible for gas exchange.
Choice C rationale
Blood being shunted to the right side from the left side of the heart is incorrect. In fetal circulation, there is a right-to-left shunt through the foramen ovale, allowing blood to bypass the non-functioning fetal lungs and go directly into systemic circulation.
Choice D rationale
A right-to-left shunt is not seen between the umbilical arteries. Instead, the shunts in fetal circulation are the ductus venosus, ductus arteriosus, and foramen ovale, which help reroute blood away from the fetal lungs and liver.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is []
Explanation
Rationale for correct condition: Hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe form of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, leading to dehydration, weight loss, and electrolyte imbalance. The client's significant weight loss of 2.8 kg (6.2 lb) in two weeks, increased nausea and vomiting, and decreased appetite are classic symptoms. The elevated BUN level suggests dehydration, which aligns with hyperemesis gravidarum. The absence of abdominal pain and the presence of facial pallor further support this condition.
Rationale for actions:
- Initiate IV fluid therapy to rehydrate the client and correct electrolyte imbalances caused by excessive vomiting.
- Administer ondansetron IV to control nausea and vomiting, improving the client's ability to tolerate oral intake.
Rationale for parameters:
- Weight should be monitored to assess the effectiveness of interventions and ensure the client is regaining or maintaining a healthy weight.
- Urine output indicates hydration status and kidney function, helping to evaluate the adequacy of fluid replacement.
Rationale for incorrect conditions:
- Cholecystitis: The client denies abdominal or epigastric pain, which is a key symptom of cholecystitis.
- Gestational diabetes mellitus: There is no mention of elevated blood glucose levels or other diabetic symptoms.
- Preeclampsia: The client's blood pressure is within normal range, and there are no signs of hypertension or proteinuria.
Correct Answer is ["July 27"]
Explanation
Step 1 is: October 20 + 7 days = October 27
Step 2 is: October 27 - 3 months = July 27
Step 3 is: July 27 + 1 year = July 27 next year
Final calculated answer: July 27.
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