After having an ultrasound, the fetus' heart shows that "normal fetal circulation is occurring.”. The RN is teaching a pregnant client about normal fetal circulation.Which of the following statements is consistent with the finding?

Blood is returning to the right atrium from the pulmonary system.

Blood is returning to the placenta via the umbilical arteries.

Blood is being shunted to the right side from the left side of the heart.

A right to left shunt is seen between the umbilical arteries.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

Blood returning to the right atrium from the pulmonary system is consistent with adult circulation, not fetal circulation. In fetal circulation, blood bypasses the lungs via the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale since the fetus receives oxygenated blood from the placenta, not the lungs.

Choice B rationale

Blood is returning to the placenta via the umbilical arteries. In fetal circulation, deoxygenated blood is carried from the fetus to the placenta through the umbilical arteries. This is consistent with normal fetal circulation as the placenta is responsible for gas exchange.

Choice C rationale

Blood being shunted to the right side from the left side of the heart is incorrect. In fetal circulation, there is a right-to-left shunt through the foramen ovale, allowing blood to bypass the non-functioning fetal lungs and go directly into systemic circulation.

Choice D rationale

A right-to-left shunt is not seen between the umbilical arteries. Instead, the shunts in fetal circulation are the ductus venosus, ductus arteriosus, and foramen ovale, which help reroute blood away from the fetal lungs and liver.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Smoking and heavy alcohol intake can indeed affect the quantity of sperm. Both substances can reduce sperm count and motility, leading to lower fertility rates in men.

Choice B rationale

This statement is incorrect. Both smoking and heavy alcohol use negatively impact fertility by reducing sperm quality and quantity.

Choice C rationale

Waiting for a semen analysis without addressing the known effects of smoking and alcohol is not the best approach. Immediate lifestyle changes can improve fertility outcomes.

Choice D rationale

Any amount of smoking can affect sperm quality and fertility. It's not limited to smoking more than one pack a day. Reducing or eliminating smoking can improve fertility.

A. Fetal heartbeat. B. Chromosomal defect. C. Fetal lung maturity. D. Fetal position in utero.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

At 9 weeks gestation, the primary purpose of an ultrasound is to confirm the presence of a fetal heartbeat, which indicates a viable pregnancy.

Choice B rationale

Chromosomal defects are typically assessed using different tests, such as chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis, rather than an ultrasound at this early stage.

Choice C rationale

Fetal lung maturity cannot be assessed at 9 weeks gestation because the lungs are not yet developed. This assessment is usually done later in pregnancy if preterm delivery is anticipated.

Choice D rationale

The position of the fetus in utero is not a concern at this early stage of pregnancy. Fetal positioning becomes relevant later in pregnancy, closer to delivery.

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After having an ultrasound, the fetus' heart shows that "normal fetal circulation is occurring.”. The RN is teaching a pregnant client about normal fetal circulation.Which of the following statements is consistent with the finding?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During the initial visit with the nurse at the fertility clinic, the patient asks what effect cigarette smoking or heavy alcohol intake has on the ability to conceive.What is the nurse's best response?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is coming in for her first prenatal visit and it is estimated to be 9 weeks gestation.An ultrasound is scheduled.The nurse should explain to the client that the ultrasound is being done today to assess for which of the following?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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