According to Healthy People 2020, older adults have been identified as a priority, addressing goals to improve dental health. Identify the correct dental health goals for older adults. (Select all that apply.)

Reduce the proportion of older adults with untreated caries.

Reduce the proportion of adults with untreated dental decay.

Prevent and control oral and craniofacial diseases, conditions, and injuries.

Improve access to preventive services and dental care.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D

Choice A: Reduce the proportion of older adults with untreated caries. This is a correct answer because it is one of the Healthy People 2020 oral health objectives for older adults¹. Untreated caries can lead to pain, infection, tooth loss, and reduced quality of life². Reducing the prevalence of untreated caries can improve the oral health and well-being of older adults.

Choice B: Reduce the proportion of adults with untreated dental decay. This is an incorrect answer because it is not specific to older adults. The Healthy People 2020 oral health objectives for adults include reducing the proportion of adults aged 35 to 44 years with untreated dental decay¹. However, this does not address the unique needs and challenges of older adults, such as increased risk of root caries, dry mouth, and periodontal disease².

Choice C: Prevent and control oral and craniofacial diseases, conditions, and injuries. This is a correct answer because it is the overall goal of the Healthy People 2020 oral health objectives¹. Oral and craniofacial diseases, conditions, and injuries can affect the function, appearance, and quality of life of older adults². Preventing and controlling these problems can help older adults maintain their oral health and general health.

Choice D: Improve access to preventive services and dental care. This is a correct answer because it is one of the Healthy People 2020 oral health objectives for older adults¹. Access to preventive services and dental care can help older adults prevent oral diseases, detect problems early, and receive appropriate treatment². However, many older adults face barriers to accessing oral health care, such as lack of dental insurance, transportation, or awareness³. Improving access to oral health care can reduce these disparities and improve the oral health outcomes of older adults.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Serum sodium levels are not the best determination of hydration in this client, as they can be affected by other factors, such as fluid intake, fluid loss, kidney function, or medication use. Serum sodium levels can be normal, high, or low in a dehydrated or overhydrated client, depending on the cause and type of the fluid imbalance.

Choice B reason: BUN stands for blood urea nitrogen, which is a waste product of protein metabolism that is excreted by the kidneys. BUN is not the best determination of hydration in this client, as it can be influenced by other factors, such as protein intake, liver function, or muscle breakdown. BUN can be high or low in a dehydrated or overhydrated client, depending on the cause and type of the fluid imbalance.

Choice C reason: Urine osmolality is the best determination of hydration in this client, as it measures the concentration of solutes in the urine, which reflects the ability of the kidneys to adjust the urine output according to the fluid status. Urine osmolality can indicate the degree of dehydration or overhydration in a client, as it increases or decreases in response to the fluid balance.

Choice D reason: Urine color is not the best determination of hydration in this client, as it can be affected by other factors, such as food, medication, or infection. Urine color can be dark or light in a dehydrated or overhydrated client, depending on the cause and type of the fluid imbalance.

A. Low back pain B. Hypoproteinemia C. Headaches D. Osteoarthritis E. Hip replacement

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Low back pain is a common condition that affects many older adults, as it can be caused by degenerative changes in the spine, disc herniation, spinal stenosis, osteoporosis, or muscle strain. Low back pain can be chronic, meaning it lasts for more than three months, and can interfere with daily activities and quality of life.

Choice B reason: Hypoproteinemia is a condition where the level of protein in the blood is abnormally low, which can be caused by malnutrition, liver disease, kidney disease, or inflammation. Hypoproteinemia can cause symptoms such as edema, fatigue, weakness, or hair loss, but it does not usually cause chronic pain.

Choice C reason: Headaches are a common symptom that can affect people of any age, but they are not necessarily chronic or related to aging. Headaches can be caused by various factors, such as stress, dehydration, sinus infection, migraine, or medication. Headaches can be acute, meaning they last for a short time, or chronic, meaning they occur for more than 15 days a month.

Choice D reason: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that affects many older adults, as it causes the cartilage that cushions the joints to wear away, resulting in pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced mobility. Osteoarthritis can affect any joint, but it is more common in the knees, hips, hands, and spine. Osteoarthritis can be chronic, meaning it worsens over time, and can limit the ability to perform daily tasks and enjoy life.

Choice E reason: Hip replacement is a surgical procedure that replaces a damaged or diseased hip joint with an artificial one, which can improve pain, function, and quality of life. However, hip replacement can also cause chronic pain, either due to complications, such as infection, dislocation, or loosening of the implant, or due to persistent inflammation, nerve damage, or scar tissue.

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According to Healthy People 2020, older adults have been identified as a priority, addressing goals to improve dental health. Identify the correct dental health goals for older adults. (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing an elder client for hydration. What is the best determination of hydration in this client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which conditions are likely to cause an older adult chronic pain? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

The nurse uses comfort measures to enhance an older adult’s pharmacological pain management. Which of the following would be most helpful for the nurse to use to identify the relationships between the comfort measures, activity, and pharmacotherapy, and the older adult's pain level?

Which factors in the patient care environment should be routinely assessed to decrease the risk of falls? (Select all that apply.)

An older adult who has been diagnosed with COPD wants to perform self-care activities. Which instruction should the nurse include in client teaching to help achieve this goal?

You realize that your client's bladder functions are only slightly altered by the physiological changes of age. What might you expect if an older person is experiencing urinary incontinence?

Of all the following malignant skin cancers, which one is the most common?

You are taking care of an older female adult with severe cognitive impairments. She is unable to tell you when she needs to urinate and, as a result, is often incontinent. What do you realize she is experiencing?

An older adult is diagnosed to be in the early stage of Alzheimer's disease. The diagnosis is made on the presence of which of the following outcomes? (Select all that apply.)