Abnormal phenylalanine levels have a cumulative toxic effect on which body system?
Musculoskeletal system
Renal system
GI system
Central nervous system
The Correct Answer is D
The correct answer is d) Central nervous system.
Choice A reason:
The musculoskeletal system is not primarily affected by abnormal phenylalanine levels. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a metabolic disorder that primarily impacts the brain and cognitive functions. While muscle weakness can occur due to overall health deterioration, it is not the primary system affected by phenylalanine toxicity.
Choice B reason:
The renal system is not the main target of phenylalanine toxicity. Although the kidneys play a role in filtering blood and excreting waste, the toxic effects of phenylalanine accumulation are more pronounced in the brain. Therefore, the renal system is not the primary system affected by abnormal phenylalanine levels.
Choice C reason:
The GI system, or gastrointestinal system, is not the primary system affected by abnormal phenylalanine levels. While dietary management is crucial for individuals with PKU to control phenylalanine intake, the toxic effects are primarily seen in the brain. The GI system is involved in the absorption and digestion of nutrients, but it is not the main system impacted by phenylalanine toxicity.
Choice D reason:
The central nervous system (CNS) is the primary system affected by abnormal phenylalanine levels. Phenylketonuria (PKU) leads to the accumulation of phenylalanine in the brain, causing severe brain damage and cognitive impairments. High levels of phenylalanine can disrupt neurotransmitter synthesis and brain development, leading to intellectual disabilities and other neurological issues. Therefore, the CNS is the main system impacted by phenylalanine toxicity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is c. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Choice A reason:
Aspirin was once commonly used to treat juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), but it is no longer the first-line treatment due to its potential side effects, such as gastrointestinal issues and Reye’s syndrome in children. While it can still be used in some cases, it is not the preferred initial treatment.
Choice B Reason:
Corticosteroids are effective in reducing inflammation and controlling symptoms of JIA, but they are not typically used as the first-line treatment due to their potential side effects, including weight gain, growth suppression, and increased risk of infections. They are usually reserved for more severe cases or when other treatments have failed.
Choice C Reason:
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are usually the first-line treatment for juvenile idiopathic arthritis. They help reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and improve joint function. NSAIDs are generally well-tolerated and have a long track record of safety and effectiveness in managing JIA.
Choice D Reason:
Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatoid Drugs (DMARDs), such as methotrexate, are used in the treatment of JIA, but they are not typically the first-line treatment. DMARDs are often prescribed when NSAIDs are not sufficient to control the symptoms or when the disease is more severe. They help slow the progression of the disease and prevent joint damage.
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
The correct answer is a. Vomiting, c. Tachycardia.
Choice A: Vomiting
Vomiting is a common symptom of thyroid storm. Thyroid storm is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the thyroid gland releases a large amount of thyroid hormone in a short period. This sudden surge in thyroid hormone can cause severe metabolic disturbances, leading to symptoms such as vomiting. Vomiting can result from the body’s attempt to cope with the excessive thyroid hormone levels, which can affect the gastrointestinal system.
Choice B: Constipation
Constipation is not typically associated with thyroid storm. In fact, hyperthyroidism, including thyroid storm, usually causes an increase in bowel movements or diarrhea due to the accelerated metabolism. Constipation is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism, where the thyroid gland is underactive and slows down bodily functions.
Choice C: Tachycardia
Tachycardia, or a rapid heart rate, is a hallmark symptom of thyroid storm. The excessive thyroid hormones increase the body’s metabolic rate, leading to an increased demand for oxygen and nutrients. To meet this demand, the heart rate increases significantly, often exceeding 140 beats per minute. This rapid heart rate can be dangerous and requires immediate medical attention.
Choice D: Hypotension
Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is not a typical symptom of thyroid storm. Instead, thyroid storm often causes hypertension (high blood pressure) due to the increased metabolic activity and the body’s heightened demand for oxygen and nutrients. The cardiovascular system responds by increasing blood pressure to ensure adequate blood flow to vital organs.
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