A public health nurse found that out of the 70 people who ate the potato salad at a school picnic, 63 developed symptoms of food poisoning. Which of the following best describes this disease spectrum?
Endemic
Epidemic
Pandemic
Polidemic
The Correct Answer is B
A. Endemic: An endemic disease is one that is consistently present in a population at expected levels, such as malaria in some tropical regions. Food poisoning outbreaks are not endemic.
B. Epidemic: An epidemic occurs when there is a sudden increase in cases of a disease within a specific population, as seen in this outbreak of food poisoning among picnic attendees.
C. Pandemic: A pandemic affects multiple countries or continents, which does not apply to this localized outbreak.
D. Polidemic: The term "polidemic" is not commonly used in epidemiology; the correct term for a localized outbreak is "epidemic."
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "These medications are important. Do your best to pay for them." This dismisses the patient's financial hardship and does not offer assistance or alternatives.
B. "Let's go through these medications and see which ones we can delete." Nurses should not arbitrarily stop medications. Only a healthcare provider (e.g., physician, pharmacist) should determine if any medications can be discontinued or adjusted.
C. "You can get these medicines at a clinic for free." This is misleading because not all clinics offer free medications. The nurse should verify available programs before making such a statement.
D. "Let's see if we can get some help from Medicare to help you pay for these medications." This response provides a realistic solution by exploring financial assistance options, such as Medicare Part D, Medicaid, or other drug assistance programs.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Veracity: Veracity refers to truthfulness and honesty. The nurse is ethically obligated to report medication errors, regardless of whether harm occurred. Failing to complete an incident report violates this principle.
B. Autonomy: Autonomy refers to respecting a client's right to make informed decisions. This situation involves an error in practice, not a violation of client autonomy.
C. Beneficence: Beneficence refers to promoting the well-being of clients. While not reporting the error may seem like an attempt to avoid unnecessary distress, it is more directly a violation of veracity.
D. Confidentiality: Confidentiality involves protecting a client’s private health information. The failure to report a medication error does not violate confidentiality but does compromise transparency and accountability.
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