A public health nurse found that out of the 70 people who ate the potato salad at a school picnic, 63 developed symptoms of food poisoning. Which of the following best describes this disease spectrum?
Endemic
Epidemic
Pandemic
Polidemic
The Correct Answer is B
A. Endemic: An endemic disease is one that is consistently present in a population at expected levels, such as malaria in some tropical regions. Food poisoning outbreaks are not endemic.
B. Epidemic: An epidemic occurs when there is a sudden increase in cases of a disease within a specific population, as seen in this outbreak of food poisoning among picnic attendees.
C. Pandemic: A pandemic affects multiple countries or continents, which does not apply to this localized outbreak.
D. Polidemic: The term "polidemic" is not commonly used in epidemiology; the correct term for a localized outbreak is "epidemic."
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Veracity: Veracity refers to truthfulness and honesty. The nurse is ethically obligated to report medication errors, regardless of whether harm occurred. Failing to complete an incident report violates this principle.
B. Autonomy: Autonomy refers to respecting a client's right to make informed decisions. This situation involves an error in practice, not a violation of client autonomy.
C. Beneficence: Beneficence refers to promoting the well-being of clients. While not reporting the error may seem like an attempt to avoid unnecessary distress, it is more directly a violation of veracity.
D. Confidentiality: Confidentiality involves protecting a client’s private health information. The failure to report a medication error does not violate confidentiality but does compromise transparency and accountability.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "Having unprotected sex with someone who is infected spreads HIV." HIV is commonly transmitted through unprotected sexual contact with an infected person.
B. "I wouldn't sit next to someone with HIV." HIV is not transmitted through casual contact, such as sitting next to someone, hugging, or sharing food. This response reflects a misunderstanding and indicates a need for more education.
C. "Transfusions of blood products that are contaminated can spread HIV." Although rare in developed countries due to blood screening, contaminated blood transfusions can transmit HIV.
D. "Sharing needles when shooting up drugs spreads HIV." Sharing contaminated needles is a major risk factor for HIV transmission.
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