A patient is HIV+ and wants to know how this will affect her pregnancy and baby. What should be included in the response to this patient? (Select all that apply).
“The baby might be born with a positive HIV test but this may convert to negative by 6 months of age.”
"Your baby will be treated with prophylactic medications after it is born.”
“To decrease the chances of your baby acquiring HIV you need to take your antiretrovirals as prescribed.”
“All HIV+ patients should not breast feed their infants,"
"You will be given antibiotics when you are in labor to help protect the baby."
Correct Answer : A,B,C,D
A. Newborns may initially test positive for HIV due to maternal antibodies but can seroconvert by 6 months.
B. Prophylactic medications reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission.
C. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy significantly decreases transmission risk.
D. Avoiding breastfeeding is recommended to prevent postnatal transmission.
E. Antibiotics are not typically used to prevent HIV transmission during labor.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["C","E","F"]
Explanation
A. The active stage of labor typically begins when cervical dilation is around 4 cm. LC’s dilation of 6 cm suggests that she is already in the active phase, but this is not confirmed based on this vaginal exam alone.
B. LC is not 80% dilated; the figure 6/80/-1 indicates 6 cm dilation, 80% effaced, and -1 station (fetal head is still above the ischial spines).
C. The fetal station of -1 indicates that the presenting part (head) is 1 cm above the pelvic outlet, which is consistent with this description.
D. The presenting part being 1 cm below the ischial spines would indicate a station of +1, which is not described here.
E. The cervix is 80% effaced, meaning it is more than halfway thinned, which is correct.
F. With a dilation of 6 cm, LC is in the active phase of labor, not the latent phase, but the question refers to the latent phase for comparison.
Correct Answer is ["B","E","F"]
Explanation
A. The Glucose Tolerance Test is usually performed later in pregnancy (around 24-28 weeks) to screen for gestational diabetes, so it is not a primary concern at 12 weeks.
B. Given the patient's history of multiple partners and uncertainty about the father, HIV screening is important to prevent mother-to-child transmission and provide early treatment.
C. Urine glucose is typically monitored later in pregnancy for gestational diabetes, but it is not immediately prioritized based on this history.
D. The Rubella Titer is important, but it is less immediately critical than HIV, STDs, or toxoplasmosis, given the patient’s risks.
E. Toxoplasmosis screening is necessary because handling cat litter can expose the mother to the risk of toxoplasmosis, which can harm the fetus.
F. Vaginal cultures for STDs are important given the patient’s multiple partners, as untreated STDs can lead to complications like preterm birth or neonatal infections.
G. Maternal Serum Fetal Alphaprotein is typically used for screening for neural tube defects later in pregnancy and is not an immediate concern.
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