A patient is being treated for hypertensive emergency. When treating this patient, the nurse recognizes the initial goal is to lower the mean blood pressure (BP) by 20-25% because
the goal is to lower the BP to 120/80.
lowering the BP quickly may decrease cerebral, coronary or renal perfusion.
IV antihypertensive medications have a slow onset.
Lowering the BP slowly allows the patient to rest.
The Correct Answer is B
A. While lowering BP to 120/80 may be an ultimate goal, it is not the initial target in a hypertensive emergency.
B. Rapid reduction in blood pressure can cause hypoperfusion of vital organs such as the brain, heart, and kidneys, leading to ischemic injury. The aim is to reduce the BP gradually to prevent these complications.
C. IV antihypertensive medications generally have a rapid onset, not a slow one.
D. While gradual reduction is important, it is not done to allow rest but to protect organ perfusion.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"B"},"F":{"answers":"A"}}
Explanation
Furosemide: Furosemide is a diuretic that is commonly used to manage fluid overload in patients with heart failure. The patient has significant pitting edema, increasing dyspnea, and elevated BNP levels, indicating worsening heart failure. Administering furosemide is a high priority to reduce fluid overload and relieve symptoms.
Echocardiogram: An echocardiogram can provide valuable information about heart function.
Aspirin: Aspirin is typically used for its antiplatelet effects in conditions like coronary artery disease. It is not essential for managing acute symptoms of heart failure. The patient’s primary issue is fluid overload rather than a clotting concern.
Losartan: Losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), is commonly used in the management of chronic heart failure to reduce afterload and prevent further cardiac remodeling. It is essential as part of the long-term management plan for heart failure.
Cardiac catheterization: Cardiac catheterization is an invasive procedure typically used to assess coronary artery disease or for interventional procedures. It is not indicated for the acute management of heart failure symptoms and could pose unnecessary risks in this context.
Chest X-ray: A chest X-ray is essential to assess the extent of pulmonary congestion and rule out other causes of respiratory distress, such as pneumonia or pleural effusion, which are important in managing a patient with worsening heart failure.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A coronary artery bypass graft is used to treat coronary artery disease but is not typically indicated for end-stage heart failure.
B. Percutaneous coronary intervention is also used for coronary artery disease, not for improving quality of life in terminal heart failure.
C. This option dismisses potential interventions that could improve quality of life, such as an LVAD.
D. An LVAD is a mechanical pump that assists the left ventricle in pumping blood, often used as a bridge to heart transplant or as a long-term solution to improve quality of life in patients with terminal heart failure.
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