A patient develops constipation after taking a daily iron supplement prescribed by the physician. Which term best describes the patient’s reaction to the supplement?
Side effect
Therapeutic effect
Adverse reaction
Toxicity
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
Side effect: A side effect is an effect of a drug that is secondary to the main intended effect. It is usually predictable and may be either beneficial or harmful. However, constipation is not a common or expected side effect of iron supplements. It is more likely to be an adverse reaction.
Choice B rationale:
Therapeutic effect: The therapeutic effect is the intended effect of a drug, the one that is desired to treat the condition. In this case, the therapeutic effect of the iron supplement would be to increase the patient's iron levels. Constipation is not the desired effect of the iron supplement, so it is not a therapeutic effect.
Choice C rationale:
Adverse reaction: An adverse reaction is an unwanted or harmful reaction to a drug that is not necessarily predictable. It can range from mild to severe. Constipation is a common adverse reaction to iron supplements. It is thought to be caused by the iron binding to undigested food in the intestines, making it harder to pass stool.
Choice D rationale:
Toxicity: Toxicity refers to a poisonous or harmful effect of a drug. It is usually caused by taking too much of a drug or by a drug interacting with another drug or substance. Constipation is not a sign of iron toxicity. Iron toxicity can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Incorrect. Mixing insulin detemir and insulin aspart in the same syringe is generally not recommended due to the following reasons:
Altered Pharmacokinetics: Mixing insulins can potentially alter their absorption and action profiles, leading to unpredictable blood glucose control.
Stability Concerns: The compatibility of different insulins in a mixed solution is not always guaranteed, potentially leading to precipitation or decreased potency.
Dosing Accuracy: Drawing up mixed insulins accurately can be challenging, especially when different dosages are required for each type.
Manufacturer Recommendations: Insulin manufacturers typically advise against mixing different insulins unless specifically instructed by a healthcare professional.
Choice B rationale:
Incorrect. While the order of drawing up insulins may have a minor impact on mixing, it does not address the fundamental concerns of mixing different insulins in the same syringe. The primary issue is the potential for altered pharmacokinetics, stability concerns, and dosing accuracy, as explained in the rationale for Choice A.
Choice D rationale:
Incorrect. Rolling insulin bottles between the palms is a technique used to gently resuspend insulin particles that may have settled at the bottom. However, it does not pertain to the correct procedure for drawing up different insulins for administration.
Choice C rationale:
Correct. Administering insulin detemir and insulin aspart using separate syringes and different injection sites is the most appropriate approach for several reasons:
Maintains Pharmacokinetics: It ensures that each insulin maintains its intended absorption and action profile, promoting optimal blood glucose control.
Ensures Stability: Using separate syringes eliminates the risk of potential incompatibility issues that could arise from mixing insulins.
Promotes Dosing Accuracy: Drawing up insulins in separate syringes allows for greater precision in administering the correct dosage of each type.
Aligns with Manufacturer Guidelines: This approach adheres to the recommendations of insulin manufacturers, ensuring safe and effective administration.
Additional Considerations:
Nurses should always consult the latest insulin administration guidelines and individual patient needs for optimal care.
Proper education and counseling should be provided to patients who require multiple insulin injections to ensure adherence and understanding of correct administration techniques.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the anus and rectum that can cause pain, itching, and bleeding. Sitz baths are a common and effective treatment for hemorrhoids because they can help to:
Reduce inflammation and pain Promote healing
Relax the anal sphincter muscles Cleanse the anal area
Warm water helps to increase blood flow to the area, which can help to reduce swelling and inflammation. The water also helps to soothe and cleanse the irritated tissues.
Sitz baths are typically taken for 10-15 minutes at a time, several times a day. They can be taken in a bathtub or a special sitz bath basin that fits over a toilet seat.
Choice B rationale:
A fractured right arm would not benefit from a sitz bath. Sitz baths are specifically for treating the anal and rectal area.
Choice C rationale:
An abscessed tooth would not benefit from a sitz bath. Sitz baths are specifically for treating the anal and rectal area.
Choice D rationale:
Painful back muscle spasms would not benefit from a sitz bath. Sitz baths are specifically for treating the anal and rectal area.
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