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A nurse manager is preparing a presentation on components of cultural competence. Which of the following definitions should the manager provide for the concept of cultural awareness?

Knowledge that allows one to appreciate other cultures

A self-reflection and critique of power imbalances that allow health inequities

The recognition of differences in race, color, ethnicity, or nationality that exists among individuals

Knowledge of one's own thoughts and feelings about diversity

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Appreciate other cultures
Refers more to cultural knowledge, not awareness.

B. Critique of power imbalances
This aligns with cultural humility, not awareness.

C. Recognition of racial/ethnic differences
More closely aligned with cultural sensitivity.

D. Knowledge of one’s own beliefs about diversity
Correct—cultural awareness starts with self-assessment of bias and values.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","H"]

Explanation

A. Give naloxone 0.2 mg IV STAT
The client has received multiple opioids (fentanyl + morphine) and is now increasingly somnolent, minimally responsive, with shallow respirations and low oxygen saturation. These are classic signs of opioid-induced respiratory depression, and naloxone (an opioid antagonist) should be administered immediately.

B. Bag-valve-mask (BVM) ventilations
The client has shallow respirations and poor oxygenation (SpO₂ dropped to 92%) and is minimally responsive. BVM is essential to maintain oxygenation and ventilation while naloxone takes effect or if apnea develops.

C. Chest compressions
There is no indication of cardiac arrest. The client still has a pulse and blood pressure, though hypotensive.

D. Defibrillation
There is no mention of a shockable rhythm (e.g., V-fib or pulseless V-tach). Defibrillation is not indicated for respiratory depression or somnolence.

E. Incentive spirometry
The client is minimally responsive and unable to cooperate with incentive spirometry. This is used post-op for alert clients to prevent atelectasis, not for unconscious or sedated patients.

F. Chest physiotherapy (CPT)
Not appropriate for this case. CPT is used for mucus clearance in conditions like COPD or pneumonia, not for opioid-induced respiratory depression.

G. Give 2 units of packed red blood cells (PRBCs)
There is no sign of active bleeding or anemia. Hemoglobin was not reported to be low, and there are no signs of hemorrhagic shock.

H. Obtain crash cart
The client is decompensating rapidly - lethargy, hypotension, and respiratory depression could progress to respiratory or cardiac arrest. Having the crash cart ready ensures that resuscitation medications and defibrillation (if needed) are available without delay.

I. Correct electrolyte imbalance(s)
There is no data provided suggesting an electrolyte imbalance. This is not a priority in the setting of opioid overdose with respiratory compromise.

J. Give morphine sulfate 2 mg IV x 1 STAT
This would worsen the client’s condition by increasing opioid load in someone already experiencing opioid toxicity. It’s absolutely contraindicated.

A. Monitoring volume status B. Ensuring proper ventriculostomy transducer levels C. Managing sedation D. Completing hourly endotracheal suctioning E. Elevating the head of the bed 15°

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

A. Monitoring volume status
Maintaining adequate fluid balance prevents hypotension and cerebral hypoperfusion, which can worsen ICP.

B. Ensuring proper ventriculostomy transducer levels
Accurate positioning of the transducer at the level of the foramen of Monro (tragus of the ear) ensures valid ICP readings.

C. Managing sedation
Sedation can reduce cerebral metabolism and help control ICP, especially in agitated patients.

D. Completing hourly endotracheal suctioning
Frequent suctioning increases ICP and should only be done as needed with pre-oxygenation.

E. Elevating the head of the bed 15°
The head of the bed should be elevated 30° (not 15°) to promote venous drainage from the brain and reduce ICP.

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A nurse manager is preparing a presentation on components of cultural competence. Which of the following definitions should the manager provide for the concept of cultural awareness?

Nursing Test Bank

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