A nurse is working in a pediatric special care unit. She recently transferred to this unit from an adult intensive care unit. The nurse is very cautious in administering medications because children are especially vulnerable to medication errors. Why is this true?
Children require more frequent dosing to achieve desired effects.
Children have less mature livers and kidneys than adults.
Children metabolize medications more quickly than adults.
Children excrete urine more quickly than adults.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Children do not necessarily require more frequent dosing; the dosing schedule depends on the medication and the condition being treated.
B. Children have less mature livers and kidneys, affecting drug metabolism and excretion, making them more vulnerable to medication errors and adverse effects.
C. Children do not metabolize all medications more quickly; their metabolism can vary based on age and development.
D. Children may have different rates of urine excretion, but this is not the primary reason for their vulnerability to medication errors.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "DNR" stands for "Do Not Resuscitate" and is unrelated to medication timing.
B. "Tx" stands for "treatment" and does not indicate medication timing.
C. "NG" stands for "nasogastric" and is related to the route of administration.
D. "Ac" stands for "ante cibum," which means before meals, and is used to indicate medication timing relative to meals.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While itching and hives can be signs of a mild allergic reaction, difficulty breathing and low blood pressure indicate a more severe issue. Treating a severe reaction as mild can delay necessary emergency interventions, potentially leading to life-threatening consequences.
B. The symptoms described, including difficulty breathing and hypotension, suggest a severe, not moderate, allergic reaction. This misjudgment can result in insufficient treatment and delay life-saving measures.
C. Anaphylactic reactions are characterized by symptoms such as hives, difficulty breathing, and low blood pressure, requiring immediate emergency treatment. Prompt recognition and intervention are critical to prevent severe complications or death.
D. Food poisoning typically presents with gastrointestinal symptoms rather than respiratory distress and hypotension. Misdiagnosing an anaphylactic reaction as food poisoning can prevent timely administration of appropriate treatments like epinephrine.
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