A nurse is teaching participants at a community center about advance directives. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Assigning a health care surrogate requires legal consultation.

A health care surrogate makes health care decisions when the client is no longer able.

Advance directives cannot be changed once implemented.

Advance directives are only valid in the state where they are created.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Assigning a health care surrogate does not always require legal consultation, as forms are often available without attorney involvement. While legal advice can clarify complex cases, it is not mandatory, making this statement misleading and incorrect for general advance directive education.
Choice B reason: A health care surrogate makes decisions when the client is incapacitated, as specified in advance directives. This ensures the client’s wishes are followed, aligning with the purpose of surrogacy in healthcare planning, making it accurate and essential information for the teaching session.
Choice C reason: Advance directives can be changed at any time by a competent client, provided the changes are documented and communicated. Stating they cannot be changed is incorrect, as flexibility is a key feature, making this misinformation inappropriate for teaching.
Choice D reason: Advance directives are generally honored across states, though specific requirements may vary. Stating they are only valid in one state is overly restrictive and incorrect, as reciprocity is common, making this an inaccurate point for advance directive education.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Red meat is high in saturated fats and sodium, which can elevate blood pressure, worsening hypertension. It is not recommended for a heart-healthy diet, as it increases cardiovascular strain. The nurse should suggest leaner proteins instead, making this an incorrect dietary choice.
Choice B reason: Cheese is often high in sodium and saturated fat, contributing to increased blood pressure and cardiovascular risk in hypertension. Low-sodium alternatives are preferred, but cheese is generally discouraged, making this an inappropriate food to recommend for this client’s diet.
Choice C reason: Canned black beans are high in sodium, which exacerbates hypertension by promoting fluid retention and vascular strain. Rinsing reduces sodium, but fresh or low-sodium options are better. This choice is less ideal than fresh produce, making it incorrect for hypertension management.
Choice D reason: Fresh spinach is rich in potassium, magnesium, and fiber, which help lower blood pressure by counteracting sodium and relaxing blood vessels. It aligns with the DASH diet, an evidence-based approach for hypertension, making it the best food to recommend for this client’s condition.

A. I should wash my hands for 10 seconds with hot water after working in the garden. B. I can visit my nephew who has chickenpox 5 days after the sores have crusted. C. I can clean my cat’s litter box during my pregnancy. D. I should avoid contact with anyone who has a cold sore.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Washing hands for 10 seconds with hot water is insufficient; at least 20 seconds with soap and warm water is recommended to remove pathogens post-gardening. Hot water alone is ineffective, so this statement reflects incomplete understanding, making it incorrect.
Choice B reason: Visiting a nephew with chickenpox 5 days after sores crust indicates understanding, as the virus is no longer contagious then. This aligns with CDC guidelines for varicella, protecting the pregnant client and fetus, making it the correct statement.
Choice C reason: Cleaning a cat’s litter box during pregnancy risks toxoplasmosis, which can harm the fetus. Pregnant women should avoid this task, so this statement shows a lack of understanding, making it incorrect for infection prevention.
Choice D reason: Avoiding anyone with a cold sore is overly restrictive, as herpes simplex transmission requires direct contact. General avoidance without context reflects misunderstanding, as precautions like avoiding kissing suffice, making this incorrect.

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A nurse is teaching participants at a community center about advance directives. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

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