A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about palliative care.
Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Choice A rationale:

While the principle of justice is essential in healthcare, it does not directly address the client's decision to proceed with elective surgery or not. Justice pertains more to the fair allocation of resources and the equitable treatment of individuals, which may not directly apply to the client's autonomy in this situation.

Choice B rationale:

The principle of fidelity relates to keeping promises and being faithful to commitments, but it may not be the primary ethical principle to consider in this situation. The client's decision to proceed with elective surgery is primarily a matter of personal autonomy, and the nurse should prioritize respecting the client's autonomy over fidelity.

Choice C rationale:

Veracity is the principle of truthfulness and honesty in communication, but it does not take precedence over the client's autonomy in this context. While it is important for the nurse to provide honest information, the client's autonomous decision to proceed with or decline surgery should be respected regardless of the nurse's communication of truthful information. .

Choice A rationale:

The novice-to-expert model for nursing competence includes several stages, and the "novice" stage represents a beginner who has limited experience and lacks clinical support. This stage typically involves individuals who are just starting their nursing careers and are in the early phases of learning.

Choice B rationale:

An "advanced beginner" is the next stage in the novice-to-expert model. This stage is characterized by individuals who have gained some experience and can perform tasks with increased competence. However, they still require clinical support and guidance in certain situations. It's a transitional phase between complete novice and more proficient levels of competence.

Choice C rationale:

The "proficient" stage in the model represents nurses who have acquired a higher level of competence and are capable of handling a wide range of situations. They do not require the same level of clinical support as those in the advanced beginner stage.

Choice D rationale:

The "competent" stage represents nurses who have reached a high level of competence and can function effectively in most situations without continuous clinical support. They are highly skilled and experienced in their practice.