A nurse is teaching a new mother about signs of effective breastfeeding of her newborn. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Expect your baby to feed constantly the first week of life.

Your baby can lose 5% of body weight during the first 3 days of life.

Expect your baby to have less than 5 wet diapers per day after the fourth day of life.

Your baby should gain 0.25 oz (7 grams) per day after the fourth day of life.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Your baby can lose 5% of body weight during the first 3 days of life. This is a normal physiological process that happens as your baby adjusts to breastfeeding and expels excess fluids. Your baby should regain this weight by 10 to 14 days of age.

Choice A is incorrect because your baby does not need to feed constantly in the first week of life. Your baby should feed at least eight times in 24 hours but may have periods of cluster feeding where they feed more frequently for a few hours.

Choice C is incorrect because your baby should have more than 5 wet diapers per day after the fourth day of life. This is a sign that your baby is getting enough milk and is well-hydrated.

Choice D is incorrect because your baby should gain more than 0.25 oz (7 grams) per day after the fourth day of life. The average weight gain for a breastfed baby is about 0.5 to 1 oz (14 to 28 grams) per day in the first month.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Prevent infection of the eyes from vaginal bacteria. This is because some newborns can be exposed to bacteria such as gonorrhea or chlamydia during delivery, which can cause a serious eye infection called gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum (GON). Applying an antibiotic ointment such as erythromycin or ilotycin can prevent GON and other less severe eye infections by killing the bacteria.

Choice A is not correct because the umbilical cord does not need antibiotic ointment to prevent infection. It should be kept clean and dry until it falls off naturally.

Choice C is not correct because the tear ducts are not affected by vaginal bacteria. They are small tubes that drain tears from the eyes to the nose.
Choice D is not correct because the urethra is not a common site of infection for newborns. The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

A. The ductus arteriosus expands to allow more blood to enter the lungs B. The foramen ovale closes, preventing blood exchange from right to left in the heart C. The umbilical vein that carried oxygenated blood in utero becomes the ascending aorta entering the right atrium D. The ductus venosus shunts oxygenated aortic blood to the lungs.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The foramen ovale closes, preventing blood exchange from right to left in the heart. This is because the foramen ovale is a fetal shunt that allows blood to bypass the lungs and flow from the right atrium to the left atrium. After birth, when the baby starts to breathe air, the lungs expand and the pulmonary resistance decreases. This causes an increase in blood flow and pressure in the left atrium, which pushes the foramen ovale closed. This prevents blood from mixing between the right and left sides of the heart and allows oxygenated blood to circulate to the body¹².

Choice A is not correct because the ductus arteriosus does not expand to allow more blood to enter the lungs. The ductus arteriosus is another fetal shunt that

connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta. It allows blood to bypass the lungs and flow from the right ventricle to the aorta. After birth, when the baby starts to breathe air, the oxygen concentration in the blood increases and causes the ductus arteriosus to constrict and close. This increases blood flow to the lungs and decreases blood flow to the aorta.

Choice C is not correct because the umbilical vein that carried oxygenated blood in utero does not become the ascending aorta entering the right atrium. The umbilical vein is a fetal vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus. It connects to either the portal vein or the ductus venosus, which then drains into the inferior vena cava. After birth, when the umbilical cord is clamped and cut, the umbilical vein collapses and becomes a fibrous cord called ligamentum teres hepatis.

Choice D is not correct because the ductus venosus does not shunt oxygenated aortic blood to the lungs. The ductus venosus is another fetal vessel that connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava. It allows some of the oxygenated blood from the placenta to bypass the liver and enter directly into the systemic circulation. After birth, when the umbilical cord is clamped and cut, the ductus venosus closes and becomes a fibrous cord called ligamentum venosum.

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A nurse is teaching a new mother about signs of effective breastfeeding of her newborn. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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