A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about treating a hypoglycemic episode. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
"Drink 4 to 6 ounces of juice.”
"Consume two glucose tablets and check your blood glucose 1 hour later."
"Consume 1 teaspoon of corn syrup-based glucose gel."
"Eat two crackers with peanut butter.”
The Correct Answer is A
A. "Drink 4 to 6 ounces of juice.": Drinking 4 to 6 ounces of juice, which contains carbohydrates, will quickly raise blood glucose levels. This amount is sufficient to correct mild hypoglycemia.
B. "Consume two glucose tablets and check your blood glucose 1 hour later.": After consuming glucose tablets, the client should check their blood glucose in about 15 minutes, not 1 hour. If blood glucose is still low, more glucose should be consumed sooner.
C. "Consume 1 teaspoon of corn syrup-based glucose gel.": One teaspoon of glucose gel is not enough to treat hypoglycemia. A typical recommendation would be 15-20 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates (e.g., glucose tablets or juice), which is more than 1 teaspoon of gel.
D. "Eat two crackers with peanut butter.": This combination is not ideal for treating hypoglycemia quickly. The protein in peanut butter will slow the absorption of glucose, which delays the correction of hypoglycemia. Fast-acting carbohydrates are preferred for rapid treatment.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Bilateral coarse, crackle breath sounds: These are common findings in pulmonary edema due to fluid accumulation in the lungs. Furosemide, a diuretic, helps reduce fluid overload, making it an appropriate medication to help improve these symptoms by promoting diuresis.
B. Vesicular breath sounds over the peripheral lung fields: Vesicular breath sounds are normal, and do not indicate the need for diuretics. The prescription for furosemide would be more appropriate if the client had signs of fluid overload, such as crackles.
C. Potassium 3.2 mEq/L (3.5 mEq/L to 5.0 mEq/L): This indicates hypokalemia. Since furosemide can cause potassium depletion, the nurse should verify the prescription and monitor the client’s potassium levels closely, as additional supplementation may be needed.
D. Blood pressure 100/70 mm Hg: This blood pressure is on the lower side of normal. While furosemide can lower blood pressure, this finding alone doesn't specifically indicate that the pulmonary edema is being effectively treated.
Correct Answer is ["B","E"]
Explanation
Rationale for Correct Choices
- Blood glucose: The client’s blood glucose decreased from 250 mg/dL to 140 mg/dL, indicating a positive response to diabetes management through medication and dietary adherence. This is a key marker of metabolic control in diabetes.
- Urinary frequency: Two weeks ago, the client reported "frequent urination" (polyuria), which is a classic symptom of uncontrolled hyperglycemia. Today, this symptom is not reported, and given the improvement in blood glucose, it's highly probable that the polyuria has resolved or significantly decreased.
Rationale for Incorrect Choices
- Temperature: The client’s temperature increased from 38.3°C to 39.0°C, suggesting a worsening or persistent infection. An increasing fever is a negative trend and does not indicate improvement.
- WBC: The WBC count rose from 9,500/mm³ to 11,200/mm³, exceeding the normal upper limit. This may reflect an active or worsening infection, especially in the context of a draining foot wound and elevated temperature.
- Heart rate: The heart rate remains elevated at 106/min (tachycardia) compared to the previous 104/min. Persistent tachycardia can be a sign of systemic infection or dehydration and is not a sign of clinical improvement.
- Blood pressure: The blood pressure decreased from 98/74 mm Hg to 90/68 mm Hg, which may suggest worsening hemodynamic status and possible sepsis. Hypotension is not an indicator of improvement.
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