A nurse is teaching a client about the risk factors for chronic renal failure. Which statement made by the client indicates a correct understanding of the risk factors?
"Being physically active and maintaining a healthy weight can increase my risk of chronic renal failure."
"Having a family history of kidney disease does not play a role in my risk for chronic renal failure."
"Regularly consuming a high-sodium diet can protect my kidneys from damage."
"Conditions such as hypertension and diabetes can contribute to the development of chronic renal failure."
The Correct Answer is D
A. Incorrect. Being physically active and maintaining a healthy weight can actually reduce the risk of chronic renal failure, as it helps to control blood pressure and blood sugar levels, which are risk factors for kidney disease.
B. Incorrect. Having a family history of kidney disease can increase the risk of chronic renal failure, as genetics can play a role in the development of kidney problems.
C. Incorrect. Consuming a high-sodium diet can actually be harmful to the kidneys, as it can lead to hypertension and contribute to kidney damage.
D. Correct. Conditions such as hypertension and diabetes are well-established risk factors for chronic renal failure. These conditions can cause damage to the blood vessels and filtering units of the kidneys over time, leading to kidney dysfunction.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Correct. The GFR test measures how well the kidneys are filtering waste and fluids from the blood. It is an essential indicator of kidney function and is commonly used to diagnose and stage chronic renal failure.
B. Incorrect. The volume of urine produced in 24 hours is measured through a different test called the 24-hour urine collection, not the GFR test.
C. Incorrect. While the GFR test is used to assess kidney function, it is not specific to diagnosing particular kidney diseases like glomerulonephritis.
D. Incorrect. The GFR test does not specifically assess the excretion of potassium and sodium in the urine; instead, it focuses on overall kidney function and filtration rate.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Correct. An increase in blood pressure readings can be an early indication of fluid retention in a client with chronic renal failure. Fluid overload can lead to hypertension as the kidneys struggle to excrete excess fluids.
B. Incorrect. Shortness of breath and crackles in the lungs are signs of fluid overload but are considered more advanced symptoms. These indicate that fluid has accumulated in the lungs, leading to pulmonary edema.
C. Incorrect. Decreased serum potassium levels (hypokalemiA. are not typically associated with fluid overload. Instead, chronic renal failure often leads to hyperkalemia due to impaired potassium excretion.
D. Incorrect. Rapid weight loss over a few days is not indicative of fluid retention; rather, it may suggest dehydration or inadequate caloric intake.
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