A nurse is caring for a client with chronic renal failure. The client reports experiencing muscle cramps. What is the nurse's best action?

Provide the client with a heating pad to apply to the affected muscles.

Encourage the client to increase fluid intake.

Administer a prescribed calcium supplement.

Educate the client about the importance of potassium-rich foods.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Incorrect. Applying a heating pad may provide temporary relief for muscle cramps, but it does not address the underlying cause.

B. Correct. Muscle cramps in clients with chronic renal failure can be caused by dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Encouraging the client to increase fluid intake can help alleviate muscle cramps and maintain adequate hydration.

C. Incorrect. While calcium supplements may be prescribed in certain situations, they are not the first-line intervention for muscle cramps in chronic renal failure.

D. Incorrect. Educating the client about potassium-rich foods is important for managing potassium levels, but it is not the priority in this situation. Muscle cramps are more likely related to fluid and electrolyte imbalances rather than potassium intake.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Correct. Phosphate binders are most effective when taken with meals because they bind to dietary phosphorus, preventing its absorption in the digestive tract.

B. Incorrect. While constipation can be a side effect of some phosphate binders, drinking plenty of fluids is not directly related to this issue.

C. Incorrect. Phosphate binders should be taken with meals, and calcium supplements should be taken separately to prevent interactions between the two medications.

D. Incorrect. Phosphate binders do not typically lower potassium levels, and monitoring potassium intake is not specifically related to their use.

A. "Chronic renal failure is irreversible, and kidney function will continue to decline over time." B. "The prognosis for chronic renal failure is excellent with appropriate lifestyle changes and medications." C. "With proper management, chronic renal failure can be cured, and kidney function can be fully restored." D. "The prognosis varies depending on the cause and stage of chronic renal failure, but early intervention can slow the progression."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Incorrect. While chronic renal failure is often irreversible, the rate of decline in kidney function can vary depending on the underlying cause and the effectiveness of treatment and management.

B. Incorrect. While appropriate lifestyle changes and medications can improve the client's quality of life and slow the progression of the disease, chronic renal failure is a chronic condition that may require ongoing management.

C. Incorrect. Chronic renal failure is generally not curable, but proper management can help stabilize the condition and slow the progression of kidney damage.

D. Correct. The prognosis for chronic renal failure can vary widely depending on factors such as the cause of kidney disease, the stage of kidney damage, and the client's response to treatment. Early intervention, such as controlling blood pressure and blood sugar levels, can help slow the progression of kidney damage and improve long-term outcomes.

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A nurse is caring for a client with chronic renal failure. The client reports experiencing muscle cramps. What is the nurse's best action?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with chronic renal failure is prescribed phosphate binders. What should the nurse include in the client's education about taking phosphate binders?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client newly diagnosed with chronic renal failure asks the nurse about the prognosis. What is the nurse's best response?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is providing discharge education to a client with chronic renal failure who will be receiving peritoneal dialysis at home. What should the nurse include in the client's education about peritoneal dialysis care?

A nurse is assessing a client's risk factors for chronic renal failure. Which medical condition should the nurse recognize as a significant risk factor for kidney disease?

A client with chronic renal failure is experiencing periorbital edema and swelling of the ankles and feet. Which complication should the nurse suspect based on these clinical manifestations?

A nurse is reviewing the GFR test results for a client with chronic renal failure. The GFR value is 50 mL/min/1.73m². How should the nurse interpret this result?

A client with chronic renal failure is experiencing fluid overload and hypertension. Which medication should the nurse anticipate being prescribed to address these complications?

A client with chronic renal failure presents with difficulty concentrating, irritability, and muscle cramps. Which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse suspect as the cause of these symptoms?

A nurse is assessing a client's risk factors for chronic renal failure. Which medication should the nurse recognize as a potential risk factor for kidney disease?

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic renal failure. Which symptom should the nurse prioritize as an early clinical manifestation of kidney dysfunction?