A nurse is teaching a class about Piaget's stages of cognitive development.
The nurse should instruct that object permanence develops during which of the following stages?
Formal operational.
Preoperational.
Concrete operational.
Sensorimotor.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
Piaget's formal operational stage is characterized by abstract thinking, hypothesis testing, and logical reasoning, but it does not include the development of object permanence. This stage typically occurs during adolescence, not in early childhood when object permanence is established.
Choice B rationale:
The preoperational stage is characterized by the development of symbolic thought and egocentrism but not object permanence. Object permanence starts to develop during the sensorimotor stage.
Choice C rationale:
Concrete operational thinking is focused on logical and systematic thinking related to concrete objects and events. It does not include the development of object permanence, which occurs in the earlier sensorimotor stage.
Choice D rationale:
Object permanence is a concept that develops during Piaget's sensorimotor stage, which typically occurs from birth to about two years of age. During this stage, children learn that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight. They develop the ability to represent objects mentally and understand the concept of permanence.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Decreased thickness of tympanic membranes is not a typical physiological change in older adults. Tympanic membranes tend to become thinner and less flexible with age, leading to increased susceptibility to damage, not decreased thickness.
Choice B rationale:
Decreased tinnitus is not a physiological change related to aging. Tinnitus can occur in individuals of all ages and is often associated with various factors such as exposure to loud noises, ear infections, or underlying medical conditions.
Choice C rationale:
Decreased ear wax is not a typical physiological change in older adults. In fact, older adults may experience increased production of earwax, which can lead to hearing problems if not managed appropriately.
Choice D rationale:
Decreased ability to hear high-frequency sounds is a common physiological change in older adult clients. This change, known as presbycusis, is characterized by a reduced ability to hear high-pitched sounds due to changes in the inner ear, including damage to hair cells and changes in the auditory nerves. Presbycusis is a well-documented and expected age-related change in hearing.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Holding the tip of the syringe at least 1.3 cm (0.5 in) above the wound while irrigating is not the best practice for wound irrigation. It's crucial to maintain a close distance to the wound to ensure that the irrigation solution effectively cleans the area.
Choice B rationale:
Chilling the irrigant prior to the procedure is not necessary and could be uncomfortable for the patient. Room temperature or slightly warmed sterile saline solution is typically used for wound irrigation to prevent temperature-related discomfort.
Choice C rationale:
Flushing the wound from the most contaminated area to the cleanest area is an incorrect approach for wound irrigation. The wound should be irrigated from the cleanest to the most contaminatedto prevent contamination of previously clean areas and ensures thorough cleaning of the wound.
Choice D rationale:
Irrigating the wound until the solution that is draining is clear is a common practice for wound irrigation. It indicates that the wound is free of contaminants, debris, and infectious material.
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