A nurse is teaching a class about administering IV fluids to treat dehydration. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following laboratory values indicates effective treatment of dehydration?

Serum osmolarity 310 mOsm/L

Serum hematocrit 55%

Urine specific gravity 1.020

BUN 28 mg/dL

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A Reason:
Serum osmolarity 310 mOsm/L is incorrect. Serum osmolarity measures the concentration of particles in the blood. While an elevated serum osmolarity might indicate dehydration, it's not a direct indicator of the effectiveness of treatment. It signifies the concentration of solutes in the blood rather than reflecting hydration improvement after treatment.
Choice B Reason:
Serum hematocrit 55%m is incorrect. Elevated hematocrit levels can occur in dehydration because of hemoconcentration (an increase in the concentration of red blood cells due to reduced fluid volume). However, similar to serum osmolarity, while it can indicate dehydration, it doesn't specifically reflect the effectiveness of treatment.
To determine effective treatment of dehydration, the nurse should consider the laboratory values that reflect hydration status:
Choice C Reason:
Urine specific gravity 1.020 is correct. Urine specific gravity measures the concentration of solutes in the urine, indicating the kidneys' ability to concentrate urine. A higher specific gravity (typically above 1.020) suggests more concentrated urine, which can indicate dehydration. As hydration improves, the urine becomes less concentrated, so a decrease in urine specific gravity toward the normal range (around 1.010-1.020) indicates effective rehydration and improved kidney function in retaining fluids.
Choice D Reason:
BUN 28 mg/dL is incorrect. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels can also rise in dehydration due to reduced kidney perfusion. However, like serum osmolarity and hematocrit, while it can indicate dehydration, it doesn't directly show the effectiveness of treatment or the improvement in hydration status after treatment.

Nursing Test Bank

Quiz #1: RN Exams Pharmacology Exams Quiz #2: RN Exams Medical-Surgical Exams Quiz #3: RN Exams Fundamentals Exams Quiz #4: RN Exams Maternal-Newborn Exams Quiz #5: RN Exams Anatomy and Physiology Exams Quiz #6: RN Exams Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Quiz #7: RN Exams Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Quiz #8: RN Exams Community Health Exams Quiz #9: RN Exams Promoting Health across the lifespan Exams Quiz #10: RN Exams Multidimensional care Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Quiz #1: Naxlex RN Comprehensive online practice 2019 B with NGN Quiz #2: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Quiz #3: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam A Quiz #4: Naxlex HESI Exit LPN Exam Quiz #5: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor PN 2020 Quiz #6: Naxlex VATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Quiz #8: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 - Exam 1 Quiz #10: Naxlex HESI PN Exit exam Quiz #11: Naxlex HESI PN EXIT Exam 2

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason:
Levothyroxine 100 mcg PO every morning is incorrect. Indicates the dosage (100 mcg) and the route (by mouth) to be taken every morning.
Choice B Reason:
Simvastatin 40 mg PO at bedtime: Specifies the dosage (40 mg) and the timing (at bedtime) for administration.
Choice C Reason:
Acetaminophen 500 mg every 4 hr RN for fever is correct. The term "RN" in this context might be interpreted as "right now" rather than the intended meaning, which could cause confusion regarding the frequency of acetaminophen administration. The nurse should seek clarification to ensure accurate and safe dosing instructions.
Choice D Reason:
Morphine 4 mg IV every 4 hr PRN for pain: Specifies the dosage (4 mg), the route (intravenous), and the frequency (every 4 hours as needed) for pain management.

A. Bone loss B. Liver toxicity C. Hemolytic anemia D. Hypoglycemia

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:
Bone loss is correct. Prednisone, a corticosteroid, can lead to decreased bone density (osteoporosis) over extended periods of use, particularly in older adults. This adverse effect increases the risk of fractures and bone-related issues due to the drug's impact on bone health and calcium absorption.
Choice B Reason:
Liver toxicity is incorrect. While prednisone can affect liver function tests in some cases, it is less commonly associated with significant liver toxicity compared to other medications. However, liver function should be monitored during prolonged use.
Choice C Reason:
Hemolytic anemia is incorrect. Prednisone is not typically associated with causing hemolytic anemia as an adverse effect.
Choice D Reason:
Hypoglycemia is not a common adverse effect associated with prednisone use. In fact, prednisone can elevate blood sugar levels and may lead to hyperglycemia or exacerbate diabetes in susceptible individuals.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

A nurse is teaching a class about administering IV fluids to treat dehydration. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following laboratory values indicates effective treatment of dehydration?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing medication prescriptions for a client. For which of the following entries on the client's medication administration record should the nurse request clarification?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is taking prednisone for long-term treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this drug?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client who has pernicious anemia to self-administer nasal cyanocobalamin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving intravenous therapy. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as a manifestation of fluid volume excess?

A nurse is preparing to administer amphotericin B lipid complex via intermittent IV bolus to a client who has infective endocarditis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is reviewing the plan of care with a client who has a new prescription for lovastatin. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse a need for further assessment?

A nurse is caring for a client who is in shock and is receiving an infusion of albumin. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus and is receiving desmopressin by intermittent IV bolus. Which of the following manifestations should indicate to the nurse a therapeutic response to the medication?

A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is taking hydrochlorothiazide. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations as an adverse effect of the medication?

A charge nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about administering heparin to a client. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching?