A nurse is talking to a client who is explaining her home situation and the intimate partner violence she recently experienced.
Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Choice A rationale:

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder that affects the large intestine. It’s not a stress-related disorder.

Choice B rationale:

Acute stress disorder (ASD) occurs immediately after a traumatic event, not a year later.

Choice C rationale:

Episodic acute stress involves frequent bouts of stress, not flashbacks of a traumatic event.

Choice D rationale:

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disorder characterized by failure to recover after experiencing or witnessing a terrifying event. The condition may last months or years, with triggers that can bring back memories of the trauma accompanied by intense emotional and physical reactions, such as flashbacks, as described in the scenario.

Choice A rationale:

This statement is incorrect. SDOH include social and economic factors, not psychological factors.

Choice B rationale:

This statement is incorrect. Identifying SDOH helps to address disparities in health care, not increase them.

Choice C rationale:

This statement is correct. SDOH are conditions in the environments where people live, learn, work, and play that affect a wide range of health and quality-of life-outcomes and risks.

Choice D rationale:

This statement is incorrect. SDOH are not determined by an individual’s ethnic background, but rather by a wide range of factors including socioeconomic status, education, physical environment, employment, and social support networks.