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A nurse is reviewing urinalysis results for four clients. Which of the following urinalysis results indicates urinary tract infection?

A.

Positive for ketones

B.

Positive for leukocyte esterase

C.

Positive for crystals

D.

Positive for hyaline casts

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.    A positive ketone result indicates the presence of ketones in the urine, which can occur in conditions such as diabetes, fasting, or starvation. It is not indicative of a UTI. 
B.    A positive leukocyte esterase test indicates the presence of white blood cells (WBCs) in the urine, suggesting inflammation or infection, commonly associated with a UTI. This enzyme is released by WBCs, making it a key marker for infections.
C.    The presence of crystals in the urine can indicate various conditions, including kidney stones or metabolic disorders, but it is not a specific marker for a UTI.
D.    Hyaline casts may appear in the urine in response to dehydration or concentrated urine but are not specific to urinary tract infections. They can be seen in various renal conditions and do not indicate infection.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Leukocytosis refers to an elevated white blood cell (WBC) count, typically above the normal range (approximately 4,000 to 10,000 WBCs per microliter of blood). A count of 22,000 indicates leukocytosis, which may be due to infection, inflammation, stress, or other conditions.
B. A left shift refers to an increase in immature white blood cells, particularly neutrophil precursors, in the bloodstream. It often indicates an acute infection or inflammatory response. While the WBC count of 22,000 may suggest a left shift, it does not confirm it without further analysis of the differential count of the WBCs.
C. Erythrocytosis is an increase in red blood cells (RBCs), not white blood cells. Therefore, this option is incorrect. A high WBC count does not indicate changes in red blood cell levels.
D. Neutropenia refers to a decreased number of neutrophils, which are a type of white blood cell. Given the WBC count of 22,000, neutropenia is not applicable and is therefore incorrect.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A positive ketone result indicates the presence of ketones in the urine, which can occur in conditions such as diabetes, fasting, or starvation. It is not indicative of a UTI.
B. A positive leukocyte esterase test indicates the presence of white blood cells (WBCs) in the urine, suggesting inflammation or infection, commonly associated with a UTI. This enzyme is released by WBCs, making it a key marker for infections.
C. The presence of crystals in the urine can indicate various conditions, including kidney stones or metabolic disorders, but it is not a specific marker for a UTI.
D. Hyaline casts may appear in the urine in response to dehydration or concentrated urine but are not specific to urinary tract infections. They can be seen in various renal conditions and do not indicate infection.

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