The medical team believes that your patient has been suffering from a severe Viral infection, and has ordered blood to be drawn for laboratory analysis. You know that which of the following types of white blood cells is MOST associated with a Viral illness?

Neutrophils

Lymphocytes

Basophils

Eosinophils

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Neutrophils are the most abundant type of WBC and are primarily involved in responding to bacterial infections. While they may increase during a viral infection, their primary function is to combat bacteria and fungi. Therefore, they are not the most specific indicator of viral illnesses.
B.   Lymphocytes, which include T cells and B cells, are the most directly associated with viral infections. They play a crucial role in the adaptive immune response, recognizing and responding to viral pathogens. A significant increase in lymphocytes, particularly T cells, is commonly seen during viral infections.
C.   Basophils are involved in allergic reactions and responses to parasites, releasing histamine and other mediators. They are not significantly involved in the response to viral infections and typically do not show a notable increase in these situations.
D.   Eosinophils primarily respond to parasitic infections and allergic reactions. While they may be elevated in some allergic conditions and certain parasitic infections, they are not directly involved in the immune response to viral infections.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","F"]

Explanation

A. While it's important for older adults to have regular blood tests to monitor their health, showing expected changes in white blood cell counts is not a specific risk factor for infections.
B. Skin tests for tuberculosis may be falsely negative in older adults due to a weakened immune response.
C. Older adults should stay up-to-date on their vaccinations, including influenza, pneumococcal, and shingles vaccinations, to help protect themselves against these infections.
D. Older adults are at increased risk for respiratory tract infections, such as pneumonia, and genitourinary infections, such as urinary tract infections.
E. Booster vaccinations are essential for older adults to maintain protection against diseases such as influenza, tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis.
F. Older adults may not develop a fever in response to a severe infection. This can make it difficult to recognize the presence of an infection.

A. Perform a sputum culture B. Instruct the patient to obtain yearly influenza vaccination C. Administer oxygen therapy D. Administer antibiotics

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While obtaining a sputum culture is important for identifying the causative organism and guiding antibiotic therapy, it is not an immediate priority. Delaying this test briefly for critical interventions (like oxygen administration) is acceptable, as stabilizing the patient's oxygen levels is more urgent.
B. Educating the patient about vaccination is important for long-term health and prevention of future respiratory infections. However, it does not address the current situation and does not provide immediate benefit for the acute episode of pneumonia.
C. The patient has a SpO2 of 91%, which indicates hypoxemia (low oxygen levels in the blood). In pneumonia, adequate oxygenation is crucial to prevent further respiratory distress and potential complications. Administering oxygen therapy will help improve the oxygen saturation and support the patient’s respiratory function, making this the highest priority intervention.
D. While antibiotics are essential for treating bacterial pneumonia, they may take time to exert their effects. In this acute scenario, the immediate need is to ensure the patient is adequately oxygenated. After oxygen is administered, antibiotics can be given promptly.

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The medical team believes that your patient has been suffering from a severe Viral infection, and has ordered blood to be drawn for laboratory analysis. You know that which of the following types of white blood cells is MOST associated with a Viral illness?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching an elderly client the risks of infection for older adults. Which of the following factors would the nurse include in the education? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","F"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Assessment findings include T 100.4 deg F, RR 30, BP 130/76, HR 100, and SpO2 91% on room air. Which of the following is the PRIORITY intervention?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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