A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who has a history of allergic reactions to penicillin and sulfa drugs. The nurse should identify that which of the following medications is contraindicated for this client?
Cefazolin
Ciprofloxacin
Vancomycin
Azithromycin
The Correct Answer is A
Answer: A. Cefazolin is a cephalosporin antibiotic that has a cross-sensitivity with penicillin and should be avoided by clients who are allergic to penicillin.
B is incorrect because ciprofloxacin does not have cross-sensitivity with penicillin or sulfa drugs and can be safely administered to this client.
C is incorrect because vancomycin does not have cross-sensitivity with penicillin or sulfa drugs and can be safely administered to this client.
D is incorrect because Azithromycin does not have cross-sensitivity with penicillin or sulfa drugs and can be safely administered to this client.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
B. Febrile transfusion reaction is a common type of transfusion reaction that occurs when the recipient's antibodies react with the donor's leukocytes and cause fever, chills, headache, and malaise.
A is incorrect because hemolytic transfusion reaction is a rare but serious type of transfusion reaction that occurs when the recipient's antibodies react with the donor's erythrocytes and cause hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, hypotension, tachycardia, and renal failure.
C is incorrect because allergic transfusion reaction is a type of transfusion reaction that occurs when the recipient's antibodies react with the donor's plasma proteins and cause urticaria, pruritus, angioedema, and anaphylaxis.
D is incorrect because circulatory overload is a type of transfusion complication that occurs when the infusion rate exceeds the recipient's cardiac output and causes dyspnea, orthopnea, crackles, tachycardia, hypertension, and pulmonary edema.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Type I hypersensitivity reaction is also known as immediate hypersensitivity or anaphylaxis and occurs within minutes of exposure to an allergen. It involves the activation of mast cells and basophils that release histamine and other inflammatory mediators that cause vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, edema, and pruritus.
B is incorrect because Type II hypersensitivity reaction is also known as cytotoxic hypersensitivity or antibody-mediated hypersensitivity and occurs when antibodies bind to antigens on the surface of cells and cause cell lysis or damage. An example of this type of reaction is hemolytic transfusion reaction.
C is incorrect because Type III hypersensitivity reaction is also known as immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity and occurs when antigen-antibody complexes deposit in tissues and cause inflammation and tissue damage. An example of this type of reaction is serum sickness.
D is incorrect because Type IV hypersensitivity reaction is also known as delayed hypersensitivity or cell-mediated hypersensitivity and occurs when sensitized T cells react with antigens and release cytokines that activate macrophages and cause inflammation and tissue damage. An example of this type of reaction is contact dermatitis.
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