A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has DKA. The client's ABG results are pH 7.30, PaCO₂ 34 mm Hg and HCO₃ 21 mEq/L. The nurse should identify that these values indicate which of the following acid-base imbalances?
Respiratory alkalosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic acidosis
Respiratory acidosis
The Correct Answer is C
A nurse reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has DKA should identify that the client's ABG results of pH 7.30, PaCO₂ 34 mm Hg and HCO₃ 21 mEq/L indicate metabolic acidosis. Metabolic acidosis is an acid-base imbalance characterized by a low pH (less than 7.35) and a low bicarbonate level (less than 22 mEq/L).
The other options are not correct.
a) Respiratory alkalosis is an acid-base imbalance characterized by a high pH (greater than 7.45) and a low PaCO₂ (less than 35 mm Hg).
b) Metabolic alkalosis is an acid-base imbalance characterized by a high pH (greater than 7.45) and a high bicarbonate level (greater than 26 mEq/L).
d) Respiratory acidosis is an acid-base imbalance characterized by a low pH (less than 7.35) and a high PaCO₂ (greater than 45 mm Hg).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
When administering a tap water enema, the client should be assisted to a right Sims position. This position involves lying on the left side with the right knee bent toward the chest.
The other options are not correct because:
a) The client should not bear down during rectal tube insertion.
b) Administering a second enema if results are not clear is not mentioned as a safety precaution.
d) The rectal tube should be inserted in the direction of the sacrum, not the umbilicus.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
c. Periorbital edema.
Explanation: Acute glomerulonephritis is an inflammatory condition affecting the glomeruli of the kidneys. It is commonly characterized by periorbital edema, which is swelling around the eyes. This occurs due to fluid retention and impaired kidney function. Other common manifestations of acute glomerulonephritis include hypertension (increased blood pressure), dark or tea-colored urine (hematuria), decreased urine output, and signs of fluid overload such as edema in the hands, feet, and face.
Option a, decreased blood pressure, is not typically seen in acute glomerulonephritis. Instead, hypertension is a common finding due to fluid retention and increased blood volume.
Option b, pale yellow urine, is not expected in acute glomerulonephritis. Instead, urine may appear dark or
tea-colored due to the presence of blood (hematuria).
Option d, increased urination, is not a characteristic finding in acute glomerulonephritis. Instead, there is often a decrease in urine output or oliguria.
It is important to note that individual presentations may vary, and the nurse should consider the complete clinical picture and the child's specific symptoms when assessing for acute glomerulonephritis.
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