A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has DKA. The client's ABG results are pH 7.30, PaCO₂ 34 mm Hg and HCO₃ 21 mEq/L. The nurse should identify that these values indicate which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory acidosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A nurse reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has DKA should identify that the client's ABG results of pH 7.30, PaCO₂ 34 mm Hg and HCO₃ 21 mEq/L indicate metabolic acidosis. Metabolic acidosis is an acid-base imbalance characterized by a low pH (less than 7.35) and a low bicarbonate level (less than 22 mEq/L).

The other options are not correct.

a) Respiratory alkalosis is an acid-base imbalance characterized by a high pH (greater than 7.45) and a low PaCO₂ (less than 35 mm Hg).

b) Metabolic alkalosis is an acid-base imbalance characterized by a high pH (greater than 7.45) and a high bicarbonate level (greater than 26 mEq/L).

d) Respiratory acidosis is an acid-base imbalance characterized by a low pH (less than 7.35) and a high PaCO₂ (greater than 45 mm Hg).

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse should identify that caring for a client who has a new onset of chest pain is outside the scope of practice for an LPN. This is a complex and potentially life-threatening situation that requires the assessment and intervention of a registered nurse (RN) or other advanced practice provider.

b) Caring for a client who has a tracheostomy is within the scope of practice for an LPN.

c) Caring for a client who is receiving enteral feedings is within the scope of practice for an LPN.

d) Caring for a client who has urinary retention is within the scope of practice for an LPN.

A. Soiled linens are placed on the floor. B. Uncapped sharps are put in a puncture-resistant container. C. Dampened cloths are used for dusting the area. D. Waste containers are lined with single bags.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Immunocompromised individuals have a weakened immune system, which makes them more susceptible to infections. Soiled linens, when placed on the floor, can potentially harbor pathogens and become a source of contamination. It is essential to handle soiled linens properly by placing them in designated containers or bags to prevent the spread of infectious agents.

Uncapped sharps put in a puncture-resistant container: This is the correct practice for disposing of sharps, such as needles or lancets. Uncapped sharps should always be placed in puncture-resistant containers to prevent accidental injuries and potential transmission of infections.

Dampened cloths used for dusting the area: Dampened cloths for dusting can help minimize the dispersal of dust and allergens, but it does not necessarily pose a significant risk of infection.

However, it is important to ensure that the dampened cloths are properly cleaned and sanitized to prevent the growth and spread of microorganisms.

Waste containers lined with single bags: Waste containers lined with single bags are a common practice for proper waste management and disposal. While it is important to maintain good waste management practices to prevent the spread of infections, the use of single bags alone does not significantly affect the risk of infection for immunocompromised clients.

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has DKA. The client's ABG results are pH 7.30, PaCO₂ 34 mm Hg and HCO₃ 21 mEq/L. The nurse should identify that these values indicate which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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