A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who started a weight loss program 3 months ago. Which of the following findings is an indication that the program has been effective?
Increased cholesterol
Increased glycosylated hemoglobin
Increased LDL
Increased HDL
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Increased cholesterol is not an indication that the weight loss program has been effective, as it is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. The nurse should expect the client's cholesterol level to decrease as a result of the weight loss program, as it can lower the production and absorption of cholesterol in the body.
Choice B reason: Increased glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is not an indication that the weight loss program has been effective, as it is a measure of the average blood glucose level over the past 2 to 3 months. The nurse should expect the client's HbA1c level to decrease as a result of the weight loss program, as it can improve the insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism of the body.
Choice C reason: Increased LDL (low-density lipoprotein) is not an indication that the weight loss program has been effective, as it is the "bad" cholesterol that can accumulate in the arteries and cause atherosclerosis. The nurse should expect the client's LDL level to decrease as a result of the weight loss program, as it can reduce the synthesis and secretion of LDL in the liver.
Choice D reason: Increased HDL (high-density lipoprotein) is an indication that the weight loss program has been effective, as it is the "good" cholesterol that can remove excess cholesterol from the blood and transport it to the liver for excretion. The nurse should expect the client's HDL level to increase as a result of the weight loss program, as it can enhance the activity and expression of HDL in the body.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: A low-protein diet is essential for clients who have PKU, as they cannot metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine. High levels of phenylalanine can cause intellectual disability and other neurological problems. A low-protein diet should be started before pregnancy and maintained throughout pregnancy to prevent fetal harm.
Choice B reason: Serum bilirubin is not related to PKU. It is a product of red blood cell breakdown and is elevated in conditions such as jaundice, liver disease, or hemolytic anemia. It does not need to be monitored routinely in clients who have PKU.
Choice C reason: Diet sodas are not recommended for clients who have PKU, as they often contain artificial sweeteners such as aspartame, which is a source of phenylalanine. Diet sodas should be avoided completely or consumed very sparingly by clients who have PKU.
Choice D reason: Breastfeeding will not prevent the baby from developing PKU, as PKU is a genetic disorder that is inherited from both parents. If both parents have PKU, the baby will have a 100% chance of having PKU. If one parent has PKU and the other is a carrier, the baby will have a 50% chance of having PKU. If one parent has PKU and the other is not a carrier, the baby will not have PKU but will be a carrier. Breastfeeding may provide some benefits for the baby, such as immunity and bonding, but it will not affect the baby's PKU status.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice C reason: This statement shows that the client has understood the importance of vitamin D and calcium for bone health. Fortified milk, fatty fish, and cheese are good sources of both nutrients, which help to maintain bone density and prevent osteoporosis.
Choice A reason: This statement is incorrect, as vitamin A supplementation can have adverse effects on bone health. Excessive intake of vitamin A can increase the risk of fractures and reduce bone mineral density.
Choice B reason: This statement is partially correct, as calcium supplementation can help to meet the daily requirement of calcium for bone health. However, calcium alone is not enough, as vitamin D is also needed to facilitate the absorption of calcium and prevent its loss from the bones.
Choice D reason: This statement is irrelevant, as none of the foods mentioned are particularly beneficial for bone health. Orange juice, lean meats, and egg whites are good sources of vitamin C, protein, and biotin, respectively, but they do not provide significant amounts of vitamin D or calcium.
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