A nurse is reviewing the ABG values of a client. The client has a pH of 7.2, PaCO2 of 60 mm Hg, and HCO3 of 25 mEq/L. The nurse should identify that the client has which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Respiratory acidosis

Metabolic acidosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Incorrect. The client does not have respiratory alkalosis because respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a low PaCO2 (less than 35 mm Hg) and a high pH (greater than 7.45).

B. Incorrect. The client does not have metabolic alkalosis because metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high HCO3 (greater than 26 mEq/L) and a high pH (greater than 7.45).

C. Correct. The client has respiratory acidosis because respiratory acidosis is characterized by a high PaCO2 (greater than 45 mm Hg) and a low pH (less than 7.35).

D. Incorrect. The client does not have metabolic acidosis because metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low HCO3 (less than 22 mEq/L) and a low pH (less than 7.35).

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Correct. Avoiding exposure to tobacco smoke is one of the measures to prevent SIDS, as it can affect the respiratory function and arousal of the newborn.

B. Incorrect. Placing bumper pads in the baby's crib is not recommended, as they can pose a suffocation or strangulation hazard for the newborn.

C. Incorrect. Placing the baby's head on a pillow for sleeping is not advised, as it can increase the risk of suffocation or rebreathing of carbon dioxide for the newborn.

D. Incorrect. Placing the baby in a side-lying position for sleeping is not suggested, as it can increase the likelihood of rolling over to a prone position, which is associated with a higher incidence of SIDS.

A. Pain with movement of the left great toe B. Faint pedal pulse of left leg C. Warm skin temperature distal to pin site D. Purulent drainage at the pin site

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Pain with movement of the left great toe is incorrect finding: Pain may be expected in a client with a fractured left tibia, especially if the great toe is moved. Pain is more related to the fracture and may not specifically indicate altered tissue perfusion.

Choice B reason:

Faint pedal pulse of the left leg is correct because it indicates that the blood flow to the foot is diminished. The pedal pulse is the pulse felt on the top of the foot, and its faintness could suggest reduced arterial blood flow to the foot.

Choice C reason:

Warm skin temperature distal to the pin site is incorrect: Warm skin distal to the pin site may indicate adequate blood flow and could be a normal finding. Warmth is generally associated with increased blood flow to the area.

Choice D reason:

Purulent drainage at the pin site is incorrect. Purulent drainage at the pin site could indicate an infection, but it is not directly related to altered tissue perfusion. Infection can lead to complications, but it does not necessarily indicate reduced blood flow to the extremity

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A nurse is reviewing the ABG values of a client. The client has a pH of 7.2, PaCO2 of 60 mm Hg, and HCO3 of 25 mEq/L. The nurse should identify that the client has which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing teaching to the guardians of a newborn about measures to prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Which of the following guardian statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who is in skeletal traction for a fractured left tibia. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings indicates altered tissue perfusion of the affected extremity?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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