A nurse is reviewing discharge medications with a client who has Parkinson's disease. The nurse should include teaching about the client's anticholinergic agent. Which of the following side effects should the nurse advise the client to report?
Drooling
Anhidrosis
Tremors
Rigidity
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A Reason:
Drooling is inappropriate. Drooling, also known as sialorrhea, is a common symptom in Parkinson's disease due to impaired swallowing and reduced control of the muscles involved in saliva production. Anticholinergic medications can exacerbate dry mouth, which may contribute to drooling. However, drooling is not typically a side effect that would be specifically associated with anticholinergic use.
Choice B Reason:
Anhidrosis is appropriate. Anhidrosis refers to the inability to sweat normally. Anticholinergic medications can inhibit sweating by blocking the action of acetylcholine on sweat glands, leading to decreased sweating and potentially causing hyperthermia. Anhidrosis is a potential side effect of anticholinergic agents and should be reported to the healthcare provider due to the risk of overheating.
Choice C Reason:
Tremors is inappropriate. Tremors are a common symptom of Parkinson's disease and are typically not caused by anticholinergic medications. In fact, anticholinergic agents are often prescribed to help reduce tremors in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Tremors would not be considered an adverse effect that the client should report in the context of anticholinergic therapy.
Choice D Reason:
Rigidity is inappropriate. Rigidity, or stiffness of the muscles, is a characteristic symptom of Parkinson's disease resulting from the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain. While anticholinergic medications can help alleviate some symptoms of Parkinson's disease, they are not typically associated with rigidity. Rigidity would not be considered an adverse effect that the client should report in the context of anticholinergic therapy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) is false. This subtype of MS is characterized by a gradual worsening of symptoms from the onset of the disease, without distinct relapses or remissions. It typically leads to a progressive accumulation of disability over time, without periods of remission. The pattern described by the client, with alternating periods of active symptoms and symptom-free periods, does not align with the continuous progression seen in PPMS.
Choice B Reason:
Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is true. RRMS is characterized by distinct relapses, during which new symptoms may appear or existing symptoms may worsen, followed by periods of partial or complete recovery (remissions), during which the symptoms improve or may even disappear entirely. This pattern matches the description provided by the client, indicating RRMS as the likely subtype.
Choice C Reason:
Clinically isolating syndrome (CIS) is false. CIS refers to a single episode of neurological symptoms caused by inflammation or demyelination in the central nervous system, which may or may not progress to MS. However, CIS does not involve the characteristic pattern of relapses and remissions seen in RRMS.
Choice D Reason:
Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is false. SPMS is characterized by a gradual worsening of symptoms and disability over time, following an initial period of relapsing-remitting disease. It may or may not involve distinct relapses and remissions, depending on the individual's disease course. While SPMS can involve periods of symptom exacerbation, it typically lacks the clear pattern of relapses followed by remissions seen in RRMS.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E","F"]
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Refraining from climbing ladders is appropriate. Climbing ladders involves a risk of falling, which can be particularly hazardous for individuals with epilepsy. Seizures can occur unexpectedly and may cause loss of muscle control or consciousness, increasing the risk of falls from heights such as ladders. Falling from a ladder during a seizure can result in serious injuries, including head trauma, fractures, or other injuries from impact. Advising the client to refrain from climbing ladders helps mitigate the risk of falls and associated injuries during a seizure episode, promoting their safety and well-being.
Choice B Reason:
Do not go swimming without a partner is inappropriate. Swimming alone can be dangerous for individuals with epilepsy as they may be at risk of drowning if they experience a seizure while in the water. Having a swimming partner can provide assistance and ensure safety in case of a seizure.
Choice C Reason:
Refraining from driving unless seizure-free for 3 months is appropriate. Driving restrictions are often recommended for individuals with epilepsy to minimize the risk of accidents caused by seizures. Many jurisdictions require individuals with epilepsy to be seizure-free for a certain period, typically around 3 to 6 months, before resuming driving.
Choice D Reason:
Avoiding using power tools is appropriate. Operating power tools or machinery can be hazardous if a seizure occurs, potentially leading to serious injuries. Therefore, individuals with epilepsy should avoid using power tools to reduce the risk of accidents during a seizure.
Choice E Reason:
Placing client on the floor when having a seizure is appropriate. Placing the client on the floor during a seizure helps prevent injury from falls. It is safer to have the individual lie down on a flat surface to reduce the risk of head injury or other trauma during the seizure.
Choice F Reason:
Placing client on their back when they are recovering from a seizure appropriate. Placing the client on their back after a seizure helps maintain an open airway and facilitates recovery. This position allows for proper breathing and circulation while monitoring the individual's condition.
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