A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about age-related changes that affect medication administration for older adult clients.
Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Renal excretion time slows for medication.
Hepatic enzymes process medications more rapidly.
Brain receptors become less sensitive to medications.
Gastric emptying rate increases.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Renal excretion time slows for medication. As people age, kidney function gradually decreases, which slows the excretion of medications. This can lead to increased levels of the drug in the body, which can increase the risk of side effects.
Choice B rationale:
Hepatic enzymes do not process medications more rapidly in older adults. In fact, liver function also decreases with age, which can slow the metabolism of medications.
Choice C rationale:
Brain receptors do not become less sensitive to medications in older adults. The sensitivity of brain receptors to medications can vary widely and is not necessarily related to age.
Choice D rationale:
Gastric emptying rate does not increase with age. On the contrary, it often slows down, which can affect the absorption of some medications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
A urine output of 600 mL in 8 hours is within the normal range. The average urine output for adults is about 1 to 2 liters per day.
Choice B rationale:
Clonidine is an antihypertensive medication. If the client’s blood pressure is already low (88/50 mm Hg), administering clonidine could further lower the blood pressure and cause hypotension.
Choice C rationale:
A heart rate of 110/min is slightly high, but it’s not a direct indication to withhold clonidine. Clonidine can actually help lower an elevated heart rate by reducing the levels of certain chemicals in your blood.
Choice D rationale:
A blood glucose level of 70 mg/dL is at the lower end of the normal range (70-100 mg/dL) However, clonidine does not directly affect blood glucose levels, so this would not be a reason to withhold the medication.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Sublingual nitroglycerin should be taken without water. The tablet should be placed under the tongue and allowed to dissolve.
Choice B rationale:
It is recommended to take sublingual nitroglycerin before activities that might cause angina.
Choice C rationale:
The maximum recommended dosage is three tablets within 15 minutes, not four.
Choice D rationale:
Sublingual nitroglycerin should not be chewed. It should be allowed to dissolve under the tongue.
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