A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about age-related changes that affect medication administration for older adult clients.
Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Renal excretion time slows for medication.
Hepatic enzymes process medications more rapidly.
Brain receptors become less sensitive to medications.
Gastric emptying rate increases.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Renal excretion time slows for medication. As people age, kidney function gradually decreases, which slows the excretion of medications. This can lead to increased levels of the drug in the body, which can increase the risk of side effects.
Choice B rationale:
Hepatic enzymes do not process medications more rapidly in older adults. In fact, liver function also decreases with age, which can slow the metabolism of medications.
Choice C rationale:
Brain receptors do not become less sensitive to medications in older adults. The sensitivity of brain receptors to medications can vary widely and is not necessarily related to age.
Choice D rationale:
Gastric emptying rate does not increase with age. On the contrary, it often slows down, which can affect the absorption of some medications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Levalbuterol is a short-acting beta agonist, which is commonly used for quick relief in an acute asthma attack.
Choice B rationale:
Cromolyn is used as a preventive treatment for asthma, not for treating an acute attack.
Choice C rationale:
Budesonide is a corticosteroid used for long-term control and prevention of symptoms, not for immediate relief during an acute asthma attack.
Choice D rationale:
Ipratropium is used as a bronchodilator for asthma, but it’s typically not the first choice for treating an acute asthma attack.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Injecting the medication at least 5 cm (2 in) from the umbilicus is not a standard guideline for IM injections. The site of injection depends on factors such as the volume of medication and patient’s age and muscle mass.
Choice B rationale:
Using the Z-track technique to administer the medication is correct. This technique helps to seal the medication in muscle tissue, reducing leakage into subcutaneous tissue.
Choice C rationale:
Giving the medication without aspirating prior to injection is not recommended. Aspiration ensures that the needle is not in a blood vessel before injecting.
Choice D rationale:
Administering the medication with a 27-gauge '/,-inch needle may not be appropriate for an IM injection, especially for adults. A longer and larger gauge needle is typically used for IM injections.
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