A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who will collect stool specimens at home for fecal occult blood testing. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid for 3 days before the test?

Milk

Whole wheat bread

Red meat

Almonds

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Rationale:

A. Milk: Milk does not interfere with fecal occult blood testing and does not contain substances that cause false-positive results. It can be safely consumed prior to the test without affecting the accuracy of the results.

B. Whole wheat bread: Whole wheat bread is high in fiber, which is actually beneficial when preparing for a fecal occult blood test. It helps promote regular bowel movements but does not lead to false-positive results.

C. Red meat: Red meat contains heme, a form of animal blood, which can cause false-positive results on guaiac-based fecal occult blood tests. Avoiding red meat for at least 3 days prior to the test helps reduce the risk of inaccurate results.

D. Almonds: Almonds and other nuts do not contain components that interfere with fecal occult blood testing. They are not known to cause false-positive or false-negative results and are safe to consume before the test.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:

A. "Give the client several choices of foods for meals.": Providing multiple options can overwhelm a client with dementia and increase confusion or frustration. It is better to offer one or two simple choices to support decision-making without causing cognitive overload.

B. "Avoid making eye contact with the client.": Avoiding eye contact can appear dismissive or impersonal. Maintaining gentle eye contact helps establish trust, enhances communication, and can be grounding for clients who are cognitively impaired.

C. "Increase environmental stimuli”: A stimulating environment can lead to agitation or disorientation in clients with dementia. These clients benefit from calm, predictable surroundings with reduced noise, clutter, and distractions to support cognitive clarity.

D. "Label the door to the bathroom with a symbol.": Using clear labels or symbols helps orient clients with dementia and reduces confusion. Visual cues support recognition and promote independence in navigating their environment, especially with essential tasks like toileting.

A. Heart rate B. Stool results C. Current medications D. WBC count E. Hemoglobin and hematocrit F. Temperature G. Blood pressure H. Respiratory rate

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E","G"]

Explanation

Rationale:

Heart rate: A heart rate of 118/min indicates tachycardia, which may be a compensatory response to hypovolemia or blood loss. Combined with low blood pressure and low hemoglobin/hematocrit, it raises concern for active gastrointestinal bleeding and hemodynamic instability.
Stool results: A positive hemoccult test confirms gastrointestinal bleeding, especially when paired with the client’s report of dark, tarry stools (melena). This requires prompt evaluation and may indicate upper GI bleeding, such as from a peptic ulcer.
Current medications: The client is taking high-dose ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), which can cause or worsen gastric ulcers and bleeding. Continued use should be stopped immediately and replaced with safer alternatives.
WBC count: The WBC count is within the normal range and does not indicate an active infection or inflammatory process at this time. It does not require urgent follow-up compared to other findings.
Hemoglobin and hematocrit: The client’s hemoglobin (9.1 g/dL) and hematocrit (27%) are significantly low, suggesting blood loss likely due to GI bleeding. These values warrant urgent follow-up and possible transfusion depending on symptoms and stability.
Temperature: The client’s temperature of 37.5°C (99.5°F) is slightly elevated but within normal limits and not a priority concern. There are no signs of infection or fever that require immediate follow-up.
Blood pressure: A BP of 90/50 mm Hg indicates hypotension, which is concerning in the context of GI bleeding and low hemoglobin. This may reflect hypovolemia and requires prompt fluid management and monitoring.
Respiratory rate: A respiratory rate of 18/min is within normal limits and does not indicate respiratory distress. It does not require immediate follow-up in this context.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who will collect stool specimens at home for fecal occult blood testing. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid for 3 days before the test?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about home management with the partner of a client who has dementia. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Explanation

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