A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
The oliguric phase lasts for 2 days.
The client's urine output is less than 400 mL per 24 hours.
The oliguric phase begins within 1 month of the injury.
The client's BUN and creatinine decreases during this phase.
The Correct Answer is B
A. The oliguric phase of AKI typically lasts longer than 2 days. It can extend from several days to weeks, depending on the underlying cause and the response to treatment.
B. During the oliguric phase of AKI, urine output is significantly reduced. Typically, urine output is less than 400 mL per day, but it can vary widely based on the severity of kidney injury and individual factors.
C. The oliguric phase of AKI usually begins within a few days to a week after the initial injury. It is characterized by a sudden decrease in urine output and may be accompanied by electrolyte imbalances and fluid overload.
D. During the oliguric phase of AKI, there is typically a buildup of waste products such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine in the blood. These levels rise because the kidneys are unable to effectively filter and excrete waste products. Therefore, BUN and creatinine levels usually increase during the oliguric phase.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Urinary frequency refers to the need to urinate more often than usual. It does not typically cause changes in the color, clarity, or odor of urine. It may be associated with conditions like urinary tract infections (UTIs) or other urinary issues but does not directly cause dark amber, cloudy, or foul-smelling urine.
B. A UTI is a common cause of changes in urine characteristics. Dark amber color can indicate concentrated urine due to dehydration or the presence of blood. Cloudiness suggests the presence of pus or bacteria, while an unpleasant odor can be due to bacterial growth. UTIs often cause these symptoms due to inflammation and infection of the urinary tract.
C. Urinary incontinence refers to involuntary loss of urine. It does not typically cause changes in the appearance or odor of urine unless it leads to urine pooling and subsequent bacterial growth, which could potentially cause odor. However, incontinence itself is not a direct cause of dark amber, cloudy urine with an unpleasant odor.
D. Urinary retention occurs when the bladder does not empty completely or at all. It can lead to concentrated urine (dark amber color) due to prolonged storage in the bladder. Cloudiness and an unpleasant odor can occur if there is bacterial growth in stagnant urine. Therefore, urinary retention can contribute to the observed urine characteristics.
Correct Answer is ["25"]
Explanation
(Volume to be infused (mL) × Drop factor (gtt/mL)) / Time (min).
For the given scenario, the calculation would be: (100 mL × 15 gtt/mL) / 60 min, which equals 25 gtt/min.
Therefore, the nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver 25 drops per minute.
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