A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who is postmenopausal about reducing the risk of coronary artery disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"A weight loss program will increase my LDL cholesterol levels."
"Exercising regularly will bring down my HDL cholesterol levels."
"Increasing the intake of foods containing trans-fatty acids in my diet can lower my risk of heart disease."
"Adding foods containing omega-3 fatty acids to my diet will lower my risk of heart disease."
The Correct Answer is D
A. "A weight loss program will increase my LDL cholesterol levels." Weight loss typically reduces LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels, which lowers the risk of heart disease.
B. "Exercising regularly will bring down my HDL cholesterol levels." Regular exercise actually helps increase HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels, which is beneficial as HDL helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream.
C. "Increasing the intake of foods containing trans-fatty acids in my diet can lower my risk of heart disease." Trans fats raise LDL cholesterol and lower HDL cholesterol, which significantly increases the risk of coronary artery disease.
D. "Adding foods containing omega-3 fatty acids to my diet will lower my risk of heart disease." Omega-3 fatty acids (found in fish, flaxseeds, and walnuts) are heart-healthy fats that help lower triglyceride levels and reduce inflammation, thereby reducing the risk of coronary artery disease. This statement shows correct understanding.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Schedule an appointment for a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test. PSA screening is typically considered for men aged 50 and older, or earlier for those with higher risk factors like family history. Since the client does not mention any risk factors, this option is not a priority.
B. Schedule his next appointment for 1 year from now. While it is standard for clients without significant health issues to have annual exams, the nurse should prioritize education on risk factors related to hypertension, given the client's slightly elevated blood pressure.
C. Provide information about how to reduce risk factors of hypertension. Even though the client's blood pressure is in the elevated category, it is important to educate him about how to reduce the risk of developing hypertension, particularly since he is African-American, which is a population at higher risk for hypertension.
D. Provide information for a weight loss plan that includes increasing physical activity. The client has a normal BMI of 24, so weight loss would not be necessary. However, regular physical activity is important for overall cardiovascular health.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Bradycardia: Atenolol can slow the heart rate as it reduces the workload of the heart. Bradycardia (a heart rate below 60 beats per minute) is a potential adverse effect and should be monitored.
B. Dry Cough: A dry cough is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors, not beta-blockers like atenolol. This statement is incorrect.
C. Migraine Headache: Atenolol is sometimes used to prevent migraines, not cause them. Therefore, migraines are not an expected adverse effect of atenolol. This statement is incorrect.
D. Insomnia or Hyperactivity: Atenolol can cause fatigue or lethargy, but insomnia or hyperactivity is not a typical side effect. This statement is incorrect.
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