A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who is postmenopausal about reducing the risk of coronary artery disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"A weight loss program will increase my LDL cholesterol levels."
"Exercising regularly will bring down my HDL cholesterol levels."
"Increasing the intake of foods containing trans-fatty acids in my diet can lower my risk of heart disease."
"Adding foods containing omega-3 fatty acids to my diet will lower my risk of heart disease."
The Correct Answer is D
A. "A weight loss program will increase my LDL cholesterol levels." Weight loss typically reduces LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels, which lowers the risk of heart disease.
B. "Exercising regularly will bring down my HDL cholesterol levels." Regular exercise actually helps increase HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels, which is beneficial as HDL helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream.
C. "Increasing the intake of foods containing trans-fatty acids in my diet can lower my risk of heart disease." Trans fats raise LDL cholesterol and lower HDL cholesterol, which significantly increases the risk of coronary artery disease.
D. "Adding foods containing omega-3 fatty acids to my diet will lower my risk of heart disease." Omega-3 fatty acids (found in fish, flaxseeds, and walnuts) are heart-healthy fats that help lower triglyceride levels and reduce inflammation, thereby reducing the risk of coronary artery disease. This statement shows correct understanding.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. To provide analgesia: While aspirin can reduce pain, its primary use following a myocardial infarction is not for analgesia. Other medications are used for pain management in this scenario.
B. To prevent blood clotting: Aspirin is prescribed following a myocardial infarction to inhibit platelet aggregation and prevent blood clots, which can reduce the risk of future cardiac events. This is the correct rationale for aspirin use in coronary artery disease.
C. To reduce inflammation: Although aspirin has anti-inflammatory properties, the primary reason for prescribing it after a myocardial infarction is to prevent blood clots, not to reduce inflammation.
D. To prevent fever: Aspirin can reduce fever, but this is not the reason it is prescribed after a myocardial infarction.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Dyspnea on exertion: Anemia from blood loss reduces oxygen-carrying capacity, leading to symptoms like fatigue and dyspnea on exertion. The patient's low SpO₂, tachycardia, and increased respiratory rate are consistent with this finding.
B. Respiratory depression: Respiratory depression is typically associated with narcotics or other depressants, not anemia due to blood loss. The increased respiratory rate suggests a compensatory mechanism for decreased oxygenation, not depression.
C. Intense abdominal pain: While abdominal pain could be present in some conditions, it is not a direct symptom of anemia due to surgical blood loss and decreased perfusion.
D. Bradycardia: Anemia usually causes tachycardia (increased heart rate) as the body compensates for the decreased oxygenation, not bradycardia (slow heart rate). Therefore, bradycardia is unlikely in this case.
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