A nurse is reinforcing teaching about activities of daily living with a client who had a stroke. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

"Rest in supine position for 30 minutes after a meal."

"Dress the affected side first

"Use the arm on your affected side to brush your hair."

"Use a straw when you drink liquids."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Rationale:

A. "Rest in supine position for 30 minutes after a meal.": Lying flat after a meal increases the risk of aspiration particularly in stroke clients who may have impaired swallowing. A more upright position should be encouraged during and after meals to reduce this risk.

B. "Dress the affected side first.": Dressing the affected side first promotes independence and makes the task easier by minimizing the need for fine motor coordination on the impaired side. It also reduces frustration and helps establish a safe, consistent dressing routine.

C. "Use the arm on your affected side to brush your hair.": Stroke often leads to muscle weakness or paralysis on one side, making it difficult or unsafe to perform tasks with the affected limb. Initially, clients should use their stronger arm while the affected side is supported and rehabilitated gradually.

D. "Use a straw when you drink liquids.": Using a straw can increase the risk of aspiration in clients with post-stroke dysphagia by promoting rapid fluid intake. It is generally contraindicated until a swallowing assessment confirms that it is safe.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Erythema toxicum: This is a common and benign rash seen in newborns. It is not infectious, poses no public health risk, and does not require mandatory reporting.

B. Bacterial vaginosis: Although it is a vaginal infection, bacterial vaginosis is not classified as a reportable condition. It does not pose the same level of public health concern as sexually transmitted infections like gonorrhea.

C. Molluscum contagiosum: Molluscum contagiosum is a viral skin infection that is generally self-limiting and not considered a reportable disease. It does not require public health intervention in most cases.

D. Gonorrhea: Gonorrhea is a nationally notifiable disease in many countries, including the United States, due to its infectious nature and potential for serious complications. Public health reporting is required to track, treat, and prevent its spread.

A. "Controlled substances are kept in the bottom drawer of the medication cart." B. "I should verify the number of controlled substances at the end of the shift. The provider is responsible for inventory of controlled substances." C. "If a controlled substance requires a waste, a second nurse must witness the waste." D. "Computer controlled substance inventory is reported to the Drug Enforcement Administration every 10 years."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:

A. "Controlled substances are kept in the bottom drawer of the medication cart.": Controlled substances are stored in locked, secure medication dispensing systems or locked drawers—not casually in the bottom drawer. Security measures are in place to prevent diversion and ensure accurate tracking.

B. "I should verify the number of controlled substances at the end of the shift. The provider is responsible for inventory of controlled substances.": While end-of-shift counts are standard practice, the nurse not the provider is responsible for verifying inventory at shift change. Accountability for handling and documenting controlled substances lies with nursing staff.

C. "If a controlled substance requires a waste, a second nurse must witness the waste.":
This is a correct and essential safety protocol. When wasting part of a controlled substance dose, a second licensed nurse must witness and document the waste to prevent diversion and ensure accurate medication tracking.

D. "Computer controlled substance inventory is reported to the Drug Enforcement Administration every 10 years.": Facilities are required to maintain records and conduct regular audits, and the DEA mandates inventory at least every 2 years not every 10. Reporting frequency and requirements are more stringent.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching about activities of daily living with a client who had a stroke. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

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