A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has AIDS. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

The correct answer is A, C, D

Choice A reason: Allopurinol is a medication that helps reduce the production of uric acid, which is beneficial for patients with gout and urolithiasis to prevent the formation of uric acid stones.

Choice B reason: While regular exercise is generally beneficial for overall health, it does not have a direct impact on the prevention of uric acid stone formation. Therefore, it is not a specific recommendation for preventing uric acid stone.

Choice C reason: Foods high in purines can increase uric acid levels in the body, leading to the formation of uric acid stones. Limiting the intake of such foods is a key step in preventing uric acid stones.

Choice D reason: Adequate fluid intake is crucial as it helps to dilute the urine, which can prevent the formation of uric acid stones by reducing the concentration of uric acid in the urine.

Choice E reason: Contrary to the statement, lemonade may actually be beneficial in preventing uric acid stones because it contains citrate, which can help prevent stone formation. Citrate can bind to calcium and prevent stone formation, and it also makes the urine less acidic, which can help prevent the formation of uric acid stones.

Choice A reason: This is an incorrect statement, because the client should not share razors with anyone, even if they are disposable. Razors can cause cuts and bleeding, which can transmit the HIV virus and other infections. The client should use their own personal hygiene items and dispose of them safely.

Choice B reason: This is the correct statement, because the client should clean bathroom surfaces with a bleach and water solution. Bleach is a disinfectant that can kill germs and prevent the spread of infections. The client should also wash their hands frequently and avoid contact with bodily fluids.

Choice C reason: This is an incorrect statement, because the client should not increase their intake of raw fruits and vegetables. Raw fruits and vegetables can contain bacteria, parasites, or pesticides, which can cause infections and complications in the client who has a weakened immune system. The client should wash and cook their fruits and vegetables thoroughly before eating them.

Choice D reason: This is an incorrect statement, because the client should not continue their hobby of gardening, even if they wear a mask. Gardening can expose the client to soil, dust, fungi, or insects, which can cause infections and allergies in the client who has a compromised immune system. The client should avoid activities that can increase their risk of infection.