A nurse is monitoring a client following a thyroidectomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of hypoparathyroidism?

Elevated blood pressure

Involuntary muscle spasms

Cold intolerance

Weight loss

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: This is an incorrect finding, because elevated blood pressure is not a sign of hypoparathyroidism, which is a condition that occurs when the parathyroid glands produce insufficient parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH regulates the calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood and bones. Elevated blood pressure can be a sign of hyperparathyroidism, which is the opposite condition.

Choice B reason: This is the correct finding, because involuntary muscle spasms are a sign of hypoparathyroidism, which causes hypocalcemia, or low blood calcium levels. Hypocalcemia can cause neuromuscular irritability and tetany, which are manifested by muscle spasms, twitching, cramps, or seizures.

Choice C reason: This is an incorrect finding, because cold intolerance is not a sign of hypoparathyroidism, but a sign of hypothyroidism, which is a condition that occurs when the thyroid gland produces insufficient thyroid hormone. Thyroid hormone regulates the metabolism and body temperature. Cold intolerance can also be a sign of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, which is an autoimmune disease that causes inflammation and destruction of the thyroid gland.

Choice D reason: This is an incorrect finding, because weight loss is not a sign of hypoparathyroidism, but a sign of hyperthyroidism, which is a condition that occurs when the thyroid gland produces excessive thyroid hormone. Thyroid hormone increases the metabolism and energy expenditure. Weight loss can also be a sign of Graves' disease, which is an autoimmune disease that causes overstimulation and enlargement of the thyroid gland.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Having the client gently blow clots from his nose every 5 min is an incorrect action, because it can increase the bleeding and trauma to the nasal mucosa. The client should avoid blowing or picking his nose.

Choice B reason: Instructing the client to sit with his head hyperextended is an incorrect action, because it can cause the blood to drain into the throat and increase the risk of aspiration or vomiting. The client should sit with his head tilted forward.

Choice C reason: Applying ice compresses to the back of the client’s neck is an incorrect action, because it has no effect on the bleeding site. The nurse should apply ice compresses to the bridge of the nose or the cheeks to constrict the blood vessels and reduce the bleeding.

Choice D reason: Pinching the soft portion of the client’s nose for 10 min is a correct action, because it applies direct pressure to the bleeding site and allows clot formation. The nurse should instruct the client to breathe through his mouth and avoid swallowing the blood.

A. “Adults receive a natural immunity to herpes zoster from casual exposure to children who have had chickenpox.” B. “Herpes zoster is not contagious to individuals who received MMR vaccine as an infant.” C. “A client who has herpes zoster is not contagious if blisters are present on the skin.” D. “Herpes zoster is contagious to people who have never had chickenpox.”

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is a false statement, because adults do not receive a natural immunity to herpes zoster from casual exposure to children who have had chickenpox. Herpes zoster is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, which remains dormant in the nerve cells after a primary infection with chickenpox.

Choice B reason: This is a false statement, because herpes zoster is not prevented by the MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella. Herpes zoster is prevented by the varicella vaccine, which is given separately from the MMR vaccine.

Choice C reason: This is a false statement, because a client who has herpes zoster is contagious if blisters are present on the skin. The blisters contain the varicella-zoster virus, which can be transmitted through direct contact or airborne droplets.

Choice D reason: This is the correct statement, because herpes zoster is contagious to people who have never had chickenpox. People who have never had chickenpox can contract the varicella-zoster virus from a person who has herpes zoster and develop chickenpox as a primary infection.

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A nurse is monitoring a client following a thyroidectomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of hypoparathyroidism?

Nursing Test Bank

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Explanation

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