A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a newborn who has gastroesophageal reflux. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Choice A rationale:
One large tomato does not have a high calcium content. Tomatoes are generally not considered a significant source of calcium.
Choice B rationale:
Green grapes are not a significant source of calcium. They are primarily composed of water and carbohydrates.
Choice C rationale:
A medium banana also does not provide a substantial amount of calcium. Bananas are known for their potassium content more than calcium.
Choice D rationale:
1 cup of broccoli is a good source of calcium. While dairy products are often considered the primary source of dietary calcium, broccoli is a non-dairy option that contains a decent amount of calcium along with other nutrients beneficial for bone health.

Choice A rationale:
The nurse should identify that a client following a vegan diet is at risk for a folic acid deficiency. Folate, or folic acid, is a B vitamin found in various foods, including animal products. Since vegans exclude animal products from their diet, they might have a lower intake of folic acid-rich foods. Folic acid is important for cell division and the formation of DNA, making it essential for overall health.
Choice B rationale:
The nurse should also identify that a client following a vegan diet is at risk for a vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is primarily obtained through exposure to sunlight and is also found in certain animal-based foods. Since vegans avoid animal products, they might not get enough vitamin D from their diet. Vitamin D is important for bone health, immune function, and various other physiological processes.
Choice C rationale:
The risk of a magnesium deficiency is not specific to a vegan diet. While certain plant-based foods contain magnesium, it's not a common deficiency associated solely with vegan diets. Magnesium is involved in many bodily functions, including muscle and nerve function, but deficiencies are more often related to factors other than diet.
Choice D rationale:
Vitamin C deficiency is not a significant concern for individuals following a vegan diet. Vitamin C is abundantly available in various fruits and vegetables, which are staples of a vegan diet. As long as a vegan diet includes a variety of fresh produce, meeting the requirements for vitamin C is generally achievable.