A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a client who has phenylketonuria (PKU) and is planning a pregnancy. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the discussion?
"Serum bilirubin should be monitored one to two times per month during pregnancy."
"Diet sodas should not be consumed more than two or three times per week."
"Breastfeeding will prevent your baby from developing PKU."
"A low-protein diet should be followed for 3 months prior to conception."
The Correct Answer is D
The correct answer is choice d. “A low-protein diet should be followed for 3 months prior to conception.”
Choice A rationale:
Monitoring serum bilirubin is not relevant for managing phenylketonuria (PKU) during pregnancy. PKU management focuses on maintaining low phenylalanine levels to prevent harm to the developing fetus.
Choice B rationale:
Diet sodas contain aspartame, which is high in phenylalanine and should be completely avoided by individuals with PKU, not just limited to two or three times per week.
Choice C rationale:
Breastfeeding does not prevent a baby from developing PKU. PKU is a genetic disorder, and breastfeeding does not influence the genetic makeup of the baby.
Choice D rationale:
Following a low-protein diet for 3 months prior to conception is crucial for women with PKU. This helps to ensure that phenylalanine levels are low, reducing the risk of birth defects and intellectual disabilities in the baby.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Shrimp. Shrimp is a type of seafood and is not considered a suitable choice for a lacto-vegetarian diet. Lacto-vegetarians exclude meat, poultry, and fish from their diet but do consume dairy products. Since shrimp comes from the sea and is an animal product, it's not compatible with a lacto-vegetarian dietary preference.
Choice B rationale:
Cheese. Cheese is derived from dairy milk and is a suitable option for individuals following a lacto-vegetarian diet. Lacto-vegetarians include dairy products in their diet while avoiding meat and seafood. Cheese provides a good source of protein and calcium, making it a valuable addition to their meals.
Choice C rationale:
Eggs. Eggs are not a part of the lacto-vegetarian diet. Lacto-vegetarians exclude eggs from their diet and only consume dairy products along with plant-based foods. While eggs are an excellent source of protein, lacto-vegetarians make this dietary choice due to ethical or religious reasons that lead them to avoid all animal products except dairy.
Choice D rationale:
Hamburger. Hamburger is a meat product and is not suitable for a lacto-vegetarian diet. Lacto-vegetarians avoid all forms of meat, including beef. Instead, their diet focuses on dairy products, plant-based foods, and sometimes eggs.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Temperature 38.4°C (101.1°F) An elevated temperature could indicate an infection, which would not be a therapeutic response to total parenteral nutrition (TPN). TPN is provided to support the client's nutrition and help improve their condition; an elevated temperature might suggest ongoing illness.
Choice B rationale:
BMI 18.5 A BMI of 18.5 is considered within the normal range, indicating that the client's malnutrition is improving due to the TPN therapy. A higher BMI suggests a better nutritional status, which is a therapeutic response to the intervention.
Choice C rationale:
BUN 25 mg/dL Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) levels can be affected by various factors, including hydration status, renal function, and protein intake. While BUN levels might be monitored to assess renal function and overall nutritional status, a specific BUN level of 25 mg/dL does not directly indicate a therapeutic response to TPN.
Choice D rationale:
Hgb 10 g/dL Hemoglobin (Hgb) level of 10 g/dL is within the normal range for hemoglobin levels. Adequate nutrition, as provided by TPN, can support the production of red blood cells and maintain hemoglobin levels. Therefore, an Hgb level of 10 g/dL can be considered a positive therapeutic response to TPN.
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